Critical Approach of Prose and Poems

The several stanzas of the third canto are on the subject of love, and it is found that the poet concludes that love and marriage are incompatible.

Identification and Evaluation of the Devices Used

Literary devices and techniques are narrative techniques that are used up as specific methods that the author of a narrative uses for conveying what they need to express. It is like a strategy for helping the narration to relay the significant information to the target audience. The narrative is developed in this manner, and it is more complete and interesting.

In the poetry Don Juan, the poet uses such literary devices in an effective manner. The first literary device used by the poet is alliteration. Alliteration is the stylistic literary device that is identified by the repetitive sound of the first consonant in a particular series of multiple words. It can also be the repetition of the same sounds at the beginning of the words used in the sentence. This refers to the repetition of a consonant in any syllables. In the section of the poetry, Canto III, such alliteration has been used in an efficient manner. This is evident by the line “A sad, sour, sober beverage – by time”. Here, the words ‘sad’, ‘sour’ and ‘sober’ start with the alphabet ‘s’ and, therefore, the sounds are repetitive.

The second literary device that the poet uses in this particular section of the poetry is the simile. A simile is a figure of speech that the narrator uses for comparing two substances by the explicit use of words that connect two parts, for instance, like, so, as, than. Such similes take into account the limitations and imperfections of the particular comparative relationship. Similes have the role of safeguarding the author against incomplete, outrageous and unfair comparison. The use of simile is reflected by the line “Marriage from love, like vinegar from wine”. The poet compares marriage from love with the process of having wine from vinegar.

 Discussion of Their Personal Responses

The poet uses a particular metre in this particular poetry in an efficient manner. The poem is in eight line iambic pentameter, and such pentameter is one of the commonly used meters in poetry. In the poem, such meter has been used to describe a particular rhyme that the words establish in the lines. Throughout the canto, the similar poetic form is present for every stanza. This definite consistency of metre and rhyme scheme fulfils the aim of holding the poem together. The use of ocean imagery in the poetry makes it of much significance. A distinct combination of ambivalence and dynamism is found in the poetry.

Form of the Prose

A cure for Toothache’is the chapter no. 36 of a book named ‘Birds Without Wings’ written by Louis de Bernières. The book is based on a tragic love story of Philothei and Ibrahim. The book is written in a narrative form on a historical background. The story portraits a history of a coastal town in southwest Anatolia during the period of the first world war. One of the principal characters is Father Kristoforos and Abduhamid Hodja. They are a holy man of different beliefs. This reflects the picture of the social condition of a town with a different religious prospect. There is a man called ‘the Dog’ who is well known for his hideous aspect. The socio-economic condition can be addressed through the character named "Rustem Bey', who is the landlord of the town. It can be said that the story emphasizes an epic narrative-steeped historical fact that is yet profoundly human and dazzlingly evocative. The emotional and sensual details of the story are highlighted through the love story of Philothei and Ibrahim. A narrative story is written in a format where the order of the story line is in which it is told. There is the narrator, a group of characters who tell the story. Sometimes, the author also plays the role of a narrator. In chapter 36 (A cure for Toothache) the story is told in a narrative form. The narrative format of the chapter is the biggest example, which the story is written in a narrative form.

Identification and Evaluation of the Devices Used

In chapter 36, the author beautifully utilized ‘symbolism' in his literature. Symbolism is one of the most used literature devices used by authors across the world. It is very hard to incorporate successfully symbolism in a narrative novel. Louis de Bernières applied these techniques scenarios of the story line. At first, Father Kristoforos sees the Archangel Gabriel in his dream, where the feather of his wing is so vast that it is stretched as far as the horizon. The description enlighten in this section is also quite fascinating. It can be concluded that in this section the author symbolized the holiness and godliness in the forms of a feather. The greatness of God and goodness is quite expanded which is symbolized. Another aspect of symbolism can be found at the end of the chapter where the townsman is complaining about the pain in the tooth. The pain in his tooth symbolized metamorphically. Toothache actually refers to the mental and psychological trauma of the townsman as everyone in the town is considering him as a traitor. The name of the title also carries a symbolic aspect. Birds without wings are actually considered as all human beings are actually birds who have no wings. The humans can also be categorized according to the different nature of birds like a vulture, eagle Robin, etc. Another aspect of metaphor can be found in the text where the narrator explains the cat’s yelling threats as love songs on walls and roofs.

Discussion of Their Personal Responses

The register is the language style used in literature. Syntax the length of the sentences. Imagery is the sensory details such as details of a particular scene in literature. The description of the details of the feather, the night where the townsman tries to visit the Armenian is a stout example of providing minute details. The syntax profile of the text is that the author used a narrative voice in this text in very short sentences. This emphasizes the fact the due to this kind of syntax profile the text is simple and easily understandable. Use of words is also very simple and pinpoint, according to different situation and scenarios. The author also used imagery tool at its best. The author invoked every detail was of surrounding situations. For example, when the townsman or Constantinos was going to visit the Armenian the author provided an imagery detail such as light conditions of the situation, descriptions of animals such as the dog, donkey, and cats, sound effects, etc. These minute details help the readers to design the entire scenario and relate to those circumstances. It helps the readers to relate the entire literature. It can be said that Louis de Bernières created a masterpiece where he applied all these aspects at its best .