400418 Health Advancement and Health Promotion- The Health Advancement

The study findings will generate evidence-based outcomes that might require further validation on a wider scale for their active implementation in the healthcare sector. The study outcomes will also advocate the requirement of including various QoL approaches in the process of medical decision-making (in outpatient and inpatient settings) with the objective of reducing the length of treatment and decreasing the requirement of undertaking long-term follow-ups by the patient population.

Research Question

What is the impact of undertaking lifestyle enhancement interventions on the health and wellness of populations of varied age groups?

Research Hypothesis

1. The health-related quality of life interventions exhibit the potential of substantially improving the pattern of physical, mental and social health of the patient population. These approaches also prove to be preventive and prophylactic interventions warranted for retaining the state of physical, mental and psychosocial health of individuals across the community environment.
2. Physical activity and dietary management approaches, when integrated with pharmacotherapeutic interventions facilitate the improvement of health and wellness of the treated patients and decrease their length of stay in the clinical settings.

The community-based health promotion interventions consider the quality of life enhancement approaches for improving the wellness outcomes on a wider-scale (Ory, et al., 2014). Life enhancement interventions require administration while evaluating the values, cultures, customs, concerns, standards, expectations and goals of the target population in the context of generating desirable healthcare outcomes (Karow, Wittmann, Schöttle, Schäfer, & Lambert, 2014). Although, the lifestyle interventions are not the only criteria warranted for reducing the symptoms of various psycho-socio-somatic manifestations, the findings from the clinical studies have substantially proved the effectiveness of these approaches in reducing the intensity of manifestations attributing to social anxiety, depression and psychosis (Karow, Wittmann, Schöttle, Schäfer, & Lambert, 2014).

Evidence-based research literature advocates the requirement of administering culturally appropriate QoL approaches with the objective of treating the morbidities attributing to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome, obesity, diabetes, stroke and heart disease as well as degenerative manifestations (Trovato, 2012). Lifestyle interventions also enhance the pattern of patient’s self-efficacy and self-esteem that systematically assists him/her in coping with various adverse disease manifestations. Health related lifestyle interventions positively influence the values, opinions, interests, activities and leisure profile of individuals (Trovato, 2012). The configuration of QoL interventions requires a thorough and systematic analysis of the economic environment, social conditions, psychological context, physical status and behavioral pattern of the target population (Trovato, 2012).

The research analysis by (Vazquez, Conti, & Sears, 2010) advocates the requirement of administering cognitive behavioral interventions in the context of enhancing the quality of life of cardiac patients with ICD (implantable cardioverter defibrillator) status. The lifestyle enhancement strategies prove to elevate the cognitive vitality of patients affected with various mental manifestations across the community environment (Stine-Morrow, Parisi, & Morrow, 2008). The systematic improvement in the lifestyle pattern of mentally ill patients reciprocally influences their behavioral pattern that resultantly reduces the level of their stress, aggression as well as other psychosocial complications across the community environment (Hieneman, 2015). The lifestyle enhancement approaches encourage the patients in terms of their active participations and engagement in vacations, community excursions and family events. They also facilitate the development of interpersonal relationship between people with the effective utilization of electronic communication as well as physical activities (Hieneman, 2015).

The health related QoL approaches motivate the children and adolescents for accomplishing their home and academic assignments for increasing the level of their psychological satisfaction. These interventions also encourage the children, adolescents and adults in terms of undertaking various sporting activities for systematically improving their physical and mental health (Hieneman, 2015). These approaches also induce the feeling of joy and pleasure among the individuals of various age groups in the context of improving their mental functionality. The lifestyle enhancement strategies focus on the effective empowerment of patients through the organization of education and counselling sessions (Tol, Alhani, Shojaeazadeh, Sharifirad, & Moazam, 2015). These educational sessions focus on the administration of patient-centered QoL strategies with the objective of developing the pattern of self-sufficiency in the treated patients (Tol, Alhani, Shojaeazadeh, Sharifirad, & Moazam, 2015).

Dietary interventions are considered as significant QoL approaches warranting administration with the objective of reducing the risk of acquisition of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases among the predisposed individuals (Skerrett & Willett, 2010). A healthy diet should effectively incorporate polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acid for maintaining the cardiac health of individuals in various age groups (Skerrett & Willett, 2010).

Therefore, the individuals experiencing the risk of developing cardiovascular manifestations require the consumption of cardioprotective diet for enhancing their health outcomes. Inappropriate dietary management proves to be the biggest risk factor for experiencing the pattern of chronic disease and premature death of individuals across the community environment (Katz & Meller, 2014). The clinicians require undertaking evidence-based dietary decisions while evaluating the pattern of social interactions and geographical influences, economic constraints and physiology of the individuals in the context of customizing various dietary approaches for acquiring the healthcare outcomes (Drewnowski & Kawachi, 2015). The research analysis by (Booth, Roberts, & Laye, 2012) indicates the pattern of absence of exercise as the greatest cause of the development of chronic disease conditions across the community environment. Evidence-based research literature advocates the convention in relation to the reciprocal relationship between exercise administration and enhancement of cognition and brain functionality in humans.

Elderly individuals acquire greater cognitive control and behavioral enhancement following the systematic administration of exercise interventions (Gomez-Pinilla & Hillman, 2013). The research analysis by (Bammam, et al., 2014) advocates the elevated potential of dose-dependent exercise interventions for safeguarding the predisposition of individuals in terms of developing chronic non-communicable diseases and associated adverse manifestations. The analysis by (Kokkinos, 2012) confirms the co-morbidity and mortality risk-reduction of morbidly obese, overweight as well as normal weight individuals under the influence of optimal physical activity as well as exercise interventions. The physical exercise interventions assist in stabilizing the body mass index of individuals that substantially reduce their risk of acquiring obesity as well as coronary artery disease (Kokkinos, 2012).

The concomitant administration of physical activity and dietary interventions facilitates the stabilization of blood pressure and reduction in the scope of acquiring hypertension and associated cardiac conditions among the predisposed individuals. Physical activity enhances the life expectancy of diabetic patients and decreases their risk of development of secondary manifestations (Kokkinos, 2012). The pattern of regular exercise intervention and physical activity reduces the predisposition of individuals towards the development of cardiovascular failure, angina-pectoris, metabolic syndrome as well as hyperlipidemia (Agarwal, 2012). The administration of resistance training effectively stabilizes the musculoskeletal system and reduces the frequency of sympathetic activity. Regular physical activities including stair climbing, cycling, swimming and walking substantially reduce the establishment and prevalence of depression, osteoporotic fractures, falls, cancers and cognitive function deterioration across the community environment (Agarwal, 2012).

The oral health related quality of life is based on subjective experiences of people in relation to their oral health outcomes. The significant QoL approaches include the systematic educational and psychological interventions that considerably improve the oral functional status of individuals and associated health outcomes (Sischo & Broder, 2011).

The health-related quality of life measures assist the medical professionals in terms of prioritizing the administration of various therapeutic interventions in the context of establishing long term compliance to the recommended therapeutic regimen among the treated patients (Royce & Carl, 2011). This indicates the significance of quality of life measures in customizing the medication administration following the healthcare requirements of the patient population. The health related QoL is utilized as a significant tool for predicting the survival rate of cancer patients across the community environment. This tool also assists in configuring the life enhancement as well as remedial interventions warranted for elevating the rate of survival and development of co-morbid states among the cancer patients (Osoba, 2011). Evidence-based analysis by (Zoellner, et al., 2014) reveals the significance of lifestyle enhancement approaches in terms of improving the systolic and diastolic blood pressures of an underprivileged ethnic community.

These approaches include the education sessions, psychological counseling, physical activity, nutritional management, self-monitoring, social support and motivational enhancement warranting administration by the treating physicians (Zoellner, et al., 2014). The administration of lifestyle strategies assists in improving the pattern of local dependency as well as social functioning of the elderly individuals (Hwang, 2010). Various lifestyle enhancement drugs are utilized by populations with the objective of improving their overall well-being across the community environment. For example, minoxidil is utilized for treating baldness, melatonin is used as a sleep remedy by the individuals, NSAIDs assist in reducing the intensity of work related fatigue, and vitamins and food supplements help in elevating the general well-being of individuals of various age groups (Rahman, Gupta, Sukhlecha, & Khunte, 2010).

Similarly, physicians administer cognitive enhancers to healthy individuals in the context of improving the pattern of their mood, alertness, memory and concentration. These lifestyle enhancers are considered as effective lifestyle improvement remedies exhibiting social and clinical efficacy. Drugs including modafinil, dextroamphetamine mixed salts and methylphenidate are administered with the objective of cognitive facilitation; however, the physicians need to practice appropriate measures for avoiding their dependence and abuse among the treated individuals (Forlini, Gauthier, & Racine, 2013).

These evidence-based facts indicate the significance of various lifestyle enhancement approaches (including, diet, exercise, education and counselling sessions, cognitive behavioral interventions, lifestyle improvement drugs and cognitive enhancement medication) in terms of reducing the burden of diseases and their adverse manifestations. The lifestyle facilitation interventions not only improve the quality and efficacy of conservative and routine treatment approaches, but also improve the level of compliance of the treated patients to the recommended therapeutic remedies for the systematic enhancement of the healthcare outcomes.

Proposed Action Plan

The researchers would require recruiting 465 participants of age group 15-65 years while obtaining their informed consent and explaining them regarding the aims and objectives of the research intervention. Study participants might comprise healthy as well as diseased individuals within the specified age group. The research coordinators will initially contact the candidates telephonically for validating their candidature in accordance with the inclusion criteria of the study intervention. The study intervention will include both male and female subjects in a ratio of 1:1 for objectively evaluating the influence of lifestyle enhancement approaches on the wellness outcomes of both genders. Shortlisted candidates will require staying in the research facility for a tenure of 36 months and receive various lifestyle enhancement interventions for their systematic analysis. Outcomes of lifestyle enhancement strategies between various treatment groups will require statistical assessment by the researchers on FQL scale. The comparative analysis of various lifestyle remedies will provide an insight regarding the extent of benefits retrieved from their administration in healthy and diseased individuals of various age groups.

The findings of this research intervention will evidentially assist the clinicians and medical professionals in terms of integrating various quality of life approaches with the conventional treatment modalities for the systematic enhancement of healthcare outcomes. The administration of health related QoL approaches and their influence on the material and physical well-being, civic activities, socialization, interpersonal relationships, medication compliance, personal development, sleep physiology, psychosocial enhancement, physical fitness, recreational activities and spiritual well-being will require systematic assessment by the study investigators. Individuals affected with the pattern of serious and life-threatening end-stage disease conditions will remain excluded from the study intervention.

The researchers will also not consider the individuals who fail to meet the inclusion criteria in accordance with their age at the time of enrolment. Study participants will require signing an informed consent form after acquiring detailed understanding of the study conventions and associated risks. The study subjects will possess the right and privilege of leaving the research trial any time before its accomplishment at their own will and consent. The study subjects will be divided in age-appropriate groups and the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions would require analysis within the same groups as well as between distinct groups for generating the study outcomes.

Strategies to Evaluate Impact

The impact on quality of life interventions on the health and wellness of the research participants will be calculated on a conceptual (i.e. FQL) scale. The observations will be statistically analysed through SPSS software. The assessment of the following attributes will provide a systematic insight regarding the effectiveness of QoL interventions on the health-related outcomes in the study participants.

Anticipated Outcomes and Significance

5. The administration of physical activity intervention will substantially improve the pattern of muscular endurance and strength in the study participants.
6. Physical and exercise activities will improve the cardiovascular health of the research subjects, thereby indicating their reduced predisposition towards acquiring heart diseases and associated complications.
7. Improved muscular endurance under the influence of exercise intervention will enhance the physical strength of the subjects and decrease the frequency of falls and traumatic episodes.
8. The administration of dietary management approaches will improve the energy level of the research participants and reduce their LDL levels.
9. The concomitant administration of diet and exercise interventions will stabilize the weight of the participants, improve their blood pressure level and normalize their body mass index.
10. Administration of lifestyle enhancement medication would improve the mental functioning and cognitive level of the research subjects. Improved mental functioning will be reflected in terms of enhanced pattern of socialization and interpersonal relationships between the participating candidates.
11. The administration of therapeutic communication will improve the pattern of compliance of the study participants in the conventional treatment modalities, thereby elevating their effectiveness and decreasing their duration of administration.
12. The administration of cognitive behavioral therapy will improve the level of self-dependence and self-sufficiency of the research participants that would reciprocally assist in overcoming their self-care deficits.
13. The administration of education and counselling sessions to the participating subjects will improve their disease coping skills, enhance their inclination towards occupational engagement and reduce the pattern of their depression, stress level and anxiety.
14. The initiation of interpersonal dialogue with the participating subjects will effectively improve their psycho-socio-somatic health and develop a positive attitude in their day-to-day lives.

The proposed timeline for conducting the research intervention attributes for the duration of thirty-six months.

Proposed Budget, and Justification of Budget

References

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