300725 Construction Technology For the Mechanical Services
a). Ductwork single-line logistics, ground floor
Office
Toilets and kitchen
b). Diagramatic representation of ductulator calculations
Answer:
Basic assumptions:
Design considers the offices only for heat load calculations
Natural air filtration is undertaken (since there is integrated green building concept in the design) :
From the drawing attached, the following are deduced:
-Office size: 8 x 8x 3.6m with 10 levels
-Kitchen : 1.375 x 1.0 x 1.8
-Toilets:
-Plant room: 2.75 x 2.0 x 3.6m
-the windows and doors: L1: 11 windows;
L2: 8 windows; 2 doors; L3 to L7: 8 windows, 2 doors
L8: 6 windows; 2 doors
L9: 4W, 4doors
L10: 2 windows; 6 doors
Now, the established wall system is known as partially filled cavity wall system (available commercially): hence the Uvalue lies between 0.28W/M2K to 0.15W/m2K hence the average U value to be used for purpose of calculation: (0.28+0.15)/2= 0.215W/m2K
In calculating the heat solar gain, the north and south elevations are not considered but we consider the sun’s orientation which is in the east and west elevations:
Qsolar = Aunshaded x SHGFmax X SCX CLF
From the standard ASHRAE tables (ASHRAE, 2001).
The CLF for east elevation at 8am is 0.8 and at 6pm is 0.12, average= (0.12+0.8)/2 = 0.1 while CLF for the west elevation at 8 am is 0.06 and 0.61 hence av= 0.335. Meanwhile since there is no direct sunlight in the North and South elevations, the CLF= 0
The maximum number of people expected to occupy each level is determined:
1 person occupies 10.25m2 hence per floor: (8x8)/10.25= 7 persons
Total number of people expected: 7 x 10 = 70
SHGF (per person from ASHRAE, 2001): = 0.5
For the lighting requirements (since there are no electrical and wiring circuit in place), we can assume that every room requires at least 3 bulbs to meet the lighting requirements. Note that level 1 has about 11 windows, approximately the number of rooms are 4 per floor hence : total lighting needed= 3 x 4x10= 120
|
HEAT TRANSFER DUE TO TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCE | |||||||||
|
OFFICES | |||||||||
|
ITEM |
Size/level |
Area |
Uvalue |
To |
Ti |
To-Ti |
No. of Levels |
Q | |
|
Walls & Roofs |
Concrete wall | ||||||||
|
North Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0.215 |
32 |
24 |
8 |
10 |
495.36 |
|
South Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0.215 |
32 |
24 |
8 |
10 |
495.36 |
|
East Elevation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
24 |
8 |
10 |
0 |
|
West Elevation |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
32 |
24 |
8 |
10 |
0 |
|
Roof |
8 |
8 |
64 |
0.215 |
32 |
24 |
8 |
10 |
1100.8 |
|
DUE TO SOLAR/SUN GAIN |
CLF |
SHGF |
SC | ||||||
|
East Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0.1 |
0.5 |
1 |
10 |
1.44 | |
|
West Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0.335 |
0.5 |
1 |
10 |
4.824 | |
|
North Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 | |
|
South Elevation |
8 |
3.6 |
28.8 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
10 |
0 |
Table 1: Heat transfer through wall
Table 2: Due to Equipment
|
DUE TO EQUIPMENT |
w/m2 | ||||||||
|
per floor |
8 |
8 |
64 |
12 |
768 |
768 | |||
Table 3: Due to persons
|
DUE TO PERSONS |
n |
w/person |
W | ||||||
|
Per Floor |
70 |
0.5 |
35 |
35 | |||||
Table 4: Due to Light and Grand total
|
DUE TO LIGHT |
n |
w/bulb |
levels |
W | |||||
|
120 |
15 |
10 |
18000 |
18000 | |||||
|
GRAND TOTAL |
20900.78 | ||||||||
Hence the resulting total heat load = 20.9kW
The equivalent temperature difference for walls and roofs are given by the formula:
CLTD= W/AU
For the walls: CLTD= 2091.52/28.8x0.215= 3.37
PEAK ZONE LOADS: 25kW
- Psychrometrics and Equipment Selection
Equipment selection
Select the DADANCO active chilled beans based on the above parameters
- Ductwork Design
Table : Appropriate Supply Air and Exhaust duct work
|
AREAS | |
|
Office | |
|
Tea room | |
|
Male and female toilets | |
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