PSYC100 Comparison Between Psychological Traits

Answer: 

Freud had developed the theory of personality development which argues that personality is formed when these three fundamental structures conflict in human mind: id, ego, super ego. He emphasized on the importance of the unconscious mind and he also believed the fact that the unconscious mind governs the behaviour to a higher degree than what is suspected by the people. He had kept a goal to make the unconscious part to be conscious. According to him the human personality is complex and have more than a single component (Dweck, 2013). The different component of personality are Id, Ego and Super ego. He states the Id is present in an individual since birth and completely unconscious. Ego is related to deal with reality. It works in both the cases, conscious and unconscious (Lewin, 2013). Super ego can be termed into two parts where the ego ideal is the rule for good behaviour and includes approval from parents but the conscience includes information that might not be readily accepted by the parents. It can have some negative impact.

On the other side Eysenck’s theory of personality defines two dimensions of higher order traits, extraversion Vs introversion and emotional stability Vs neuroticism and psychoticism Vs self -control. The term extroversion describes a person to be more free to the outer world and more outgoing, sociable and expressive in comparison to the introversion who are more withdrawn, reserved, retiring, and deliberate. The term Neuroticism means person who are not stable with their emotional value and they require more stability in their emotional decision and lifestyle. On the other hand emotionally stable defines a person who is capable of maintaining a constant reaction and can be predicted easily (Eysenck, 2014). Psychoticism is a situation when the person is characterized by aggression, aloofness and anti -social behaviour. On the other hand self -control is a situation that defines when the personal is able to control their physical, emotional and social behaviour.

According to me the personality theory that represents the development of personality is the theory of Eysenck as it includes the personal traits that combines all the major factors that can determine the behaviour of an individual. The theory of Freud only states the ego and Id part but that is not the only factor that can determine the personality development of an individual. There are few other factors that are important and influences the behaviour of the individual. The factors like self -control, emotional stability determines how mature and strong the person is. It also proves how much endurance power the individual has (Eysenck, 2014). The person being an extrovert or introvert will determine how reserved or free the person will be. Thus these factors determine the personality development of an individual in a better way than the other theory as per me. I strongly believe if I have to define the personality trait of an individual I will look for these factors instead of looking for Id and ego in the person. 

References:

Dweck, C. S. (2013). Self-theories: Their role in motivation, personality, and development. psychology press.

Eysenck, H. (2017). The biological basis of personality. Routledge.

Eysenck, M. (2014). Anxiety and cognition: A unified theory. Psychology Press.

Lewin, K. (2013). A dynamic theory of personality-selected papers. Read Books Ltd.