Ppmp20013 Project Management For Operators: Assessment Answers

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

Commercial Planning and Commercial Projects

Reading Samples:

Kerzner H. 2013. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11^th Edition.  Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons.

The concept of the commercial planning

The commercial planning involves the planning of that includes the growth of the business along with the sustainable development of the business. The commercial planning is applicable in the commercial project management.

Turner, R. (2016). Gower handbook of project management. Routledge.

Muller, R. (2017). Project governance. Routledge.

Peña-Mora F., and Tamaki T. 2001. "Effect of Delivery Systems on Collaborative Negotiations for Large -Scale Infrastructure Projects”. Journal of Management in Engineering. Vol:April 2001 pp.105-121

The concept about the commercial projects

The commercial project involves the planning and the execution of the commercial planning. The commercial projects generally deals with the expansion of the business along with generation of the plans that will supports the business market and the demand of the consumers. The main purpose of the commercial project management is to set the goals . The goals can be both long term  and short term. In this project management the blue print of achieving the objective of the company is done.

Burchell, K., Rettie, R., & Roberts, T. C. (2014). Community, the very idea!: perspectives of participants in a demand-side community energy project. People, Place and Policy, 8(3), 168-179.

Winch, G., & Leiringer, R. (2016). Owner project capabilities for infrastructure development: A review and development of the “strong owner” concept. International journal of project management, 34(2), 271-281.

PMI. 2013a. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5^th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.

Role of commercial planning and commercial project management in the project, program and portfolio management

The commercial planning and the commercial project management contains the various steps for the  development of the projects. These steps are important for the development of the project that will deliver the right outcome. The project and the portfolio management is dependent on the right happening of the commercial project and the portfolio management.

Scott, T. J., Scott, J. T., & Link, A. N. (2017). Commercial complexity and entrepreneurial finance. Economics of Innovation and New Technology, 26(5), 489-500.

Essential factors needed to be present for the success between participants in the large projects.

There are some essential factors , those are needed to be present between the stakeholders of the projects. One of the main factor is the gathering of the requirements. The right requirement gathering delivers the right requirement documentation. The accurate requirement gathering helps to mitigate the scope creep in the project. On the other hand, the selection of the right project management methodology is important for the compilation of the project within the allocated time and budget.

Martinsuo, M., & Killen, C. P. (2014). Value management in project portfolios: Identifying and assessing strategic value. Project Management Journal, 45(5), 56-70.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

Theory of Negotiation and Negotiation in Practice

The theory about the concept of negotiation.

 The theory regarding the negotiation is almost same in this case. In general, the negotiation can be defined as the way of observing the each phases of the processes. It is the duty of the project manager to negotiate each phases of the project along with the team members of the project.

Morrison, R. (Ed.). (2016). The principles of project finance. Routledge.

Kerzner H. 2013. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11^th Edition.  Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons.

The concept of commercial negotiation

The negotiation is a process where the individuals has to deal with the differences in the process that may end up in the success of the project. The commercial negotiation of the project is the special branch of the project which is applicable in the commercial planning and the management. There are three main elements involved in the commercial negotiation- seller, buyer and the service or the product. The entire process is governed by an important factor called price.

Walker, A. (2015). Project management in construction. John Wiley & Sons.

Peña-Mora F., and Tamaki T. 2001. "Effect of Delivery Systems on Collaborative Negotiations for Large -Scale Infrastructure Projects”. Journal of Management in Engineering. Vol:April 2001 pp.105-121

Art of negotiation on Chunnel project

The Chunnel project was regrading the making of the tunnel between the France and England and it was regarded as the most important project at that time. The planning of development of the tunnel had been conducted into different phases. Certain steps were taken in order to gap the difference between the modules of the different phases.

Yang, Y., Tang, C., Qu, X., Wang, C., & Denson, T. F. (2018). Group Facial Width-to-Height Ratio Predicts Intergroup Negotiation Outcomes. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 214.

Negotiation in policy making.

The project negotiation can be used for the policy making of the project.

The main function of the negotiation is to deal with the various differences in the business module or the process. In order to do this different perspective of the problem are needed to be evaluated. Different views can be obtained from this brain storming process. As a result the best option or the decision can be chosen from the alternatives.

Turner, J. R. (2017). Contracting for project management. Routledge.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

Kerzner H. 2013. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11^th Edition.  Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons.

Peña-Mora F., and Tamaki T. 2001. "Effect of Delivery Systems on Collaborative Negotiations for Large -Scale Infrastructure Projects”. Journal of Management in Engineering. Vol:April 2001 pp.105-121

View about relationship based procurement.

Relationship based procurement in the construction  business deals with business to business processes and the dealings. This practice provides more benefit than the traditional supply chain management. The procurement value chain provides information about the collaboration and corporation in the construction business.

Winch, G. M. (2015). Project organizing as a problem in information. Construction management and economics, 33(2), 106-116.

PMI. 2013a. A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide) 5^th Edition. USA: Project Management Institute.

Relationship between procurement and the negotiation.

The procurement provides the relationship between the collaboration and corporation. In this way the procurement helps in the negotiation process.

Bell, J. (2014). Doing Your Research Project: A guide for first-time researchers. McGraw-Hill Education (UK).

Variation of the engagement of the project manager.

The engagement of the project managers varies with the level. The organization maintains the hierarchy in the managerial level. The management maintains the hierarchy in the organization. In this case, the level of engagement and the responsibility increases with the higher level of the hierarchy.

Brennan, J., & Jaworski, P. (2015). Markets without limits: Moral virtues and commercial interests. Routledge.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

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• Is it appropriate to think of procurement negotiation on the basis of Novelty, Complexity, Pace and Technology, and what new ideas do you get?

Thinking of the procurement management on the basis of the novelty , complexity , peace and the technology is appropriate. The procurement management deals with the collaboration between the different modules of the project. In that case, this procurement management can find the connection between these attributes of the project.

Philbin, D. (2014). Checkmate: Early Moves Define Negotiation Outcomes. Alternative Resol., 24, 14.

Does the Four-quadrant perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

Most of the stages in the project management are important. However, some of the stages are important and urgent. The four quadrant perspective identifies the takes based on the importance and the urgency.

De Marco, A. (2014). Project management for facility Constructions. Springer.

Does the Organizational Learning Process perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

The organizational learning process defines the ability of the team members of the project about the goal and the objective of the organization to be achieved. It helps to take the decision that will enhance the effectiveness of the organization.

Eisenkraft, N. (2017). CustomNegotiations. org: A Free Resource for Creating Custom Negotiation Simulations. Negotiation Journal, 33(3), 239-253.

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• Does the Identity Process perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

• Does the Complex Product-Services perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

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The identity of the project will help to develop the goal of the project. Apart from that the identity process perspective will make the objective of the project clearer to the team members of the organization.

The complex product service indicates that the project and its outcome is dependent on the various other processes and their outcome. In this case, the right happening of those sub processes are important in order to compile the project in a right way.

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• Does the Project Life Cycle perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

The project life cycle defines the various stages of the development of the project. Generally, there are five stages in the project life cycle. The compilation of the each stage leads to the implementation of the project that will help to deliver the right outcome.

• Does the Forms of Project Procurement perspective makesense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

Project procurement helps to make the collaboration between the different modules in the project. That generally helps in the complex project management.

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• Does the Beyond the Iron Triangle perspective make sense to you, and what new ideas do you get?

Iron triangle is a popular metaphor that points out the constraints , the project managers are needed to be reached. The iron triangle indicates that the project manager will be focused to deliver the project maintaining the scope , quality , time and cost.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• In what way, would our approach to the Negotiation Interaction Process vary as a consequence of the Economic Logic, or the Strategic Logic, or the Tactical/Pragmatic Logic?

The negotiation process in the project management can vary with the consequences of the economic logic or the strategic logic. The difference approach or the strategy in the development of the process resulted in the development of the different stages and the modules, on the other hand , the  project approach is also dependent on the time and cost of the project. The negotiation process is dependent on the structure of the project along with the project objective.

Eisenkraft, N. (2017). CustomNegotiations. org: A Free Resource for Creating Custom Negotiation Simulations. Negotiation Journal, 33(3), 239-253.

• In what way, would our approach to the Negotiation Methods vary as a consequence of the Economic Logic, or the Strategic Logic, or the Tactical/Pragmatic Logic?

The negotiation process in the project management can vary with the consequences of the economic logic or the strategic logic. The difference approach or the strategy in the development of the process resulted in the development of the different stages and the modules, on the other hand , the  project approach is also dependent on the time and cost of the project. The negotiation process is dependent on the structure of the project along with the project objective.

Rufo, M. J., Martín, J., & Pérez, C. J. (2016). A Bayesian negotiation model for quality and price in a multi-consumer context. Reliability Engineering & System Safety, 147, 132-141.

• In what way, would the Governance ‘Hard’ features impact on our approach to the Negotiation Interaction Process and Negotiation?

• In what way, would the Accountability and Transparency features of Governance impact on our approach to the Negotiation Interaction Process and Negotiation?

The governance feature has impact on the negotiation process. It indicate the assumptions like the nature of the relationship between different entities in the project management process. The governance methods help the individuals to deal with the different aspects of the project.

Accountability and the transparency will make the specification and the status of the project clear to the individuals and the stakeholders associated with the project management. This helps in the easy negotiation process.

Lee, P., Lam, P. T. I., & Lee, W. L. (2015). Risks in energy performance contracting (EPC) projects. Energy and Buildings, 92, 116-127.

• In what way, would our approach to the Negotiation Interaction Process and Negotiation Methods vary as a consequence of the Tame, Messy, Wickedness, or Complexity of the project?

The negotiation process will be changed according to the complexity of the project. The higher complexity of the project needs more accurate negotiation.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• What is the influence of Trust upon Commercial Negotiation?

The trust plays an important role in the commercial negotiation. The influence of the trust is positive. The negotiation process happens in a right and transparent way if the stakeholders can trust the objectives of the process,

Binder, J. (2016). Global project management: communication, collaboration and management across borders. Routledge.

Can Trust be changed by Political Interests?

The trust can be changed by the political interest.

Does Trust assist in Commercial Conflict Resolution?

Trust assists the commercial conflict resolution. The trust helps to resolve the conflict in this case.

Amato, A., Di Martino, B., Scialdone, M., Venticinque, S., Hallsteinsen, S., & Jiang, S. (2014, September). A distributed system for smart energy negotiation. In International Conference on Internet and Distributed Computing Systems(pp. 422-434). Springer, Cham.

• What is the influence of Collaboration Frameworks upon Commercial Negotiation?

In commercial negotiation, the collaboration framework helps in the synchronization between the various modules of the projects.

• Can Co-learning between Teams change the outcomes of Commercial Negotiation?

The co-learning between the teams can change the learning outcome in the commercial negotiation. The co-learning helps in the sharing of the knowledge and the flow of communication helps to develop certain  alternatives, among which the best option can be chosen.

• In what way does taking the Perspective of others help or hinder Commercial Negotiation?

The positive perspective helps in the negotiation of the project while the negative perspective of the others make the constraint in the project.

• How does Social Capital impact on Commercial Negotiation?

The commercial negotiation is largely dependent on the social capital. There are three elements of the social capital namely cognitive, structural and relational. With these attributes the level of the understanding , bonding and the nature of the bonding among the stakeholders in the system can be defined.

• Does it change as a consequence of the parties Cultural Background?

The consequences changes with the change in the cultural background.

• Is it feasible for a Project Manager to take this responsibility?

The project manager should take the responsibility in this case.

• Should HR policies and procedures be influenced by the needs of Commercial Negotiation?

The HR policies and the procedures are influenced by the need of commercial negotiation.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• Does the World View of the Researchers Matter?

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The world view of the researchers matters as it explains the individual differences in the self view.

Johnson, W., & Bhakar, G. (2018). U.S. Patent Application No. 15/275,056.

• Are the sources adequate for the researchers?

• Has the research been adequately validated?

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The research can be said validate if only it follows the necessary steps for the actions along with the  delivery of the outcome that meets all the requirements.

Ahonen, J. J., Savolainen, P., Merikoski, H., & Nevalainen, J. (2015). Reported project management effort, project size, and contract type. Journal of Systems and Software, 109, 205-213.

• Are they adequate for us and our topic of Commercial Negotiation?

They are adequate for us for the commercial negotiation.

• Is the assumptions in Cheung & Chow’s research and hypotheses reasonable?

The assumption in the Cheung and Chow’s research and hypothesis is reasonable.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• What is the basis for answering RQ1 & RQ2?

The basis of answering the RQ1 and RQ2 is the ideas about the negotiation and collaboration.

Moses, M. L. (2017). The principles and practice of international commercial arbitration. Cambridge University Press.

• Have you come across these forms of Collaboration?

In order to develop the commercial project these types of collaboration has been faced.

• Can you think through the implications upon negotiation with these forms of relationship?

The right amount of collaboration that uses the system thinking and the difference between the individual can help in the negotiation process.

Jenkins, H. (2018). Fandom, Negotiation, and Participatory Culture. A Companion to Media Fandom and Fan Studies, 13.

• Will it be easier with some that others?

It will be easier.

• Would the outcomes be impacted by a need for probity and governance in Government Commercial Negotiation situations?

The outcome is dependent on the governance in the government commercial negotiation situations.

Kennedy, G. (2017). Strategic negotiation. Routledge.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• What are Project Management Standards and Frameworks?

The project management standards and the frameworks work as a guideline which ensures the compilation of the project has done in a right with maintaining the quality.

Jensen, O. B., Sheller, M., & Wind, S. (2015). Together and apart: Affective ambiences and negotiation in families’ everyday life and mobility. Mobilities, 10(3), 363-382.

• In what way would Project Management Standards and Frameworks impact on Commercial Negotiation?

The project management standards and the framework are different for the different projects. However, the commercial negotiation process varies from the different standards and the frameworks.

Kaufman, S., Honeyman, C., & Schneider, A. K. (2017). Should They Listen to Us: Seeking a Negotiation/Conflict Resolution Contribution to Practice in Intractable Conflicts. J. Disp. Resol., 73.

• How would the impact on Commercial Negotiation be influenced by Project Management Maturity?

 The project management maturity has certain  influence in the commercial negotiation. It has been seen that in case, the maturity of the project management is more agile, the negotiation process is more compact.

Have you come across a PraXitioner?

Yes, I have come across a PraXitioner.

Do you agree with the authors that a PraXitioner is the way forward?

PraXitioner is a way forward.

Has this unit helped you to become a PraXitioner?

This unit will help to achieve this one.

Do you think that there will be a future shortage of good PraXitioner’s in Commercial Negotiation situations?

No, the awareness and the proper guidance about the commercial negotiation will not lead to the shortage of good PraXitioner.

If so then how do you think they should be trained?

The workers should be trained according to the PMI guide.

Do you agree with the authors?

Yes, I agree with authors.

Do you think that RBP is a good framework for Commercial Project Negotiation?

RBP is a good framework for the commercial project negotiation as it defines the collaboration between the different entities.

Description of topics including reading samples

 Learning outcomes from thisunit.

Learnings from your experience, this and prior unit reading,assignments

Supporting documentation including your prior learnings.

• What is the spectrum of Contractual Arrangements?

The spectrum of the contractual agreement defines the different elements and the participants in the contract agreement.

• What are the legal conditions for a Contract?

The consideration of the agreement  is needed to be present in the contract. The parties involved in the contract is needed to be component and the contract terms should maintain the laws and the regulations.

Kaufman, S., Honeyman, C., & Schneider, A. K. (2017). Should They Listen to Us: Seeking a Negotiation/Conflict Resolution Contribution to Practice in Intractable Conflicts. J. Disp. Resol., 73.

• What kind of contracts existed in the Channel Tunnel?

cost reimbursemen was used for the Channel Tunnel.

• What do others say about Contracts?

What benefits flow from the formalisation of the contract process?

How hard is the process and what training is required?

Do organisations really implement HB140-2000?

What kind of organisations implement HB140-2000?

How important is the type of contract for governing contractor and buyer behaviours?

What is the relationship between the contract and ownership of risk?

The formalization of the contract process enables the transparency and clarity of the contract agreement along with that it also ensures about the terms and conditions for all the participants.

The process is not hard however, certain stages are needed to be maintained in right compilation of the contract agreement.

HB140-2000 is developed by the Standards Australia.

The ownership of the contract has to take a certain amount of the risk. The possible risks associated with the project or the process sometimes mentioned in the contract.

Kerzner H. 2013. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Control, 11^th Edition.  Hoboken, USA: John Wiley & Sons.

Peña-Mora F., and Tamaki T. 2001. "Effect of Delivery Systems on Collaborative Negotiations for Large -Scale Infrastructure Projects”. Journal of Management in Engineering. Vol:April 2001 pp.105-121