Operation Of Environmental Engineering Assessment Answer

1.Write a report on the topic 'Endocrine disruptors in wastewater treatment plants".

2.Research and write about the topic and provide important technical details of the subject.

Endocrine disruptors in wastewater treatment plants

Executive summary

The study will focus on the topic related to the treatment of wastewater plants. It will provide discussion on the flow diagram of plants, scientific parts like chemicals and technical limitations. Proper negotiation related nonylphenol, 17α-ethinylestradiol will be provided. The problem statement of the study is to understand the factors related to the treatment of wastewater plants. Plants nurturing procedure has been mentioned in the proper way. It will provide proper analysis related to the purification of water in the effective way.

Water is comprised of different minerals and chemicals due to the source of water. However, bad minerals can ruin the quality of water and few chemicals have been used in it for maintaining a purity of the water. The study will focus on discussion related to the treatment of wastewater plants and importance of different chemicals like steroid hormones and alkylphenols. The problem statement of the study is to understand the factors related to the treatment of wastewater plants.

Scientific part related to the wastewater plants

The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) constantly observes the quality of water and its chemical components as people can lead their lives in an effective way. As per the viewpoint of Komesli et al. (2015), wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) incorporates few contaminants like the pharmaceutical carbamazepine, nonylphenol, bisphenol and sulfamethoxazole. The discussion related to scientific parts are followed by-

1.Nonylphenol

It is observed that people use detergent on a regular basis and detergent is considered as a chemical. According to Padhye et al. (2014), as detergent is used with water, it can decrease the quality of water. Therefore, in the treatment of wastewater plants, 63% sample, 80% effluent samples, 42% surface sample are collected for getting positive outcome (pca.state.mn.us, 2017). Biological and sediment parameters are used in order to maintain the flow of the treatment. The chemical has been used in the efficient way as treatment plant can earn positive impact in the contemporary market.

2.17α-ethinylestradiol

17α-ethinylestradiol is a contraceptive hormone and known as EAC. It is found 22% in the sample of downstream and upstream water. The presence of different chemical parts leaves wide effect in the taste of water. The water is used in the gardening purpose and it can ruin the life of plants.

3.Operational capacity and flow

The operational capacity helps to understand the working capability of the water treatment plant. The growth rate of the plant is around 6%, which is considered as the parameter of the plant. Therefore, proper planning assists to earn positive outcome in the plant of water treatment. If people are not able to get pure water, it can destroy the life of human beings. However, at the same, in case of plants, water is one of the main components for nurturing it. As mentioned by Huerta Buitrago et al. (2016), in order to understand the quality of water, minerals or chemical components are tested. If nonylphenol, octylphenol and alkylphenols are found in water, it can decrease the quality level of water. Henceforth, in case of nurturing the plant, the pure water is needed to be used.  
Flow diagram

In a time of development the plant, the authority needs to test the water quality in order to a fruitful outcome. Henceforth, as asserted by Garcia-Rodríguez et al. (2015), the authority of ventures try to use technology in order to provide treatment to the wastewater plants. AutoCAD is software, which is used for designing the flow diagram in an active way. It assists to reduce the harmful chemicals like nonylphenol, steroid hormones and alkylphenol from water for maintaining the lives of plants.

Discussion related to the treatment of wastewater plants

1.Current treatment procedure of plants

In order to maintain the quality of water, MPCA has tried to use different containers like a setting tank, frit chamber and bar screen - however, as commented by Xu et al. (2014), MPCA has used trickling filter in order to maintain the quality level of water.  In the primary setting tanks, the trickling filter has been set in order to maintain the purity of water. In a time of treating the plant of wastage water, MPCA tries to chalk out a plan and follow it properly. Henceforth, in time of doing gardening, the authority tries to use purified and mineral waters for enhancing the lives of trees. The filter has been set in the 12-13m deep as it can protect the water quality of primary tanks.

2.Technical limitation

In a time of purifying the wastage water, it is necessary to follow the technical rules, governed by Environmental protection Agency (EPA), in order to uplift the water quality. As per the regulation of water, 6 sediments have been used for maintaining water quality level. The water is needed to full fluoride and chromium as plants can survive easily. On the other hand, as per the opinion of EPA, the authority follows the rules accordingly in order to get a positive outcome. Henceforth, the authority has tried to reduce the usage of chemical water which is harmful to the plant and as well as for the human being. The water of fewer than six layers is not considered as pure and the agency prevents people to have it. In case of plants, purification water is mandatory as plants help to keep the world greenery (epa.gov, 2014).

3.Conceptual things

The purification of water depends on the population in the country. If less population is noticed, purified water is found as groundwater is considered as pure water. Different journals and articles reflect that the water authority has tried to reduce chemical components like alkylphenol and nonylphenol for maintaining the quality level of water. At the same time, the authority has focused on the plants like spirogyra as it cannot be able to pollute the water. The water under the six layers of a ground is considered as purified water and it can reduce diseases from a body of human beings. Endocrine disruptors can be the reason of impure water and authority should purify it for getting healthy and green environment.

Conclusion

Therefore, to draw the end line of the study, it can be stated that the authority needs to use underground water as it is considered as pure water. Many times, groundwater does not go through the proper procedure of purification. Hence, using AutoCAD the authority finds out chemicals and purifies it effectively. In case of plants, the water, which is not comprised of chemical components like nonylphenol and octylphenol. If the authority is able to use chemical removed water, it can give the birth green society, which is considered as a healthy environment in the contemporary era.

Reference list

defence.gov.us (2017), Wastewater plant treatment, Retrieved from: http://www.defence.gov.us/jlc/Documents/DSCC/ADF%20Health%20Manual%20Vol%2020,%20part8,%20chp2.pdf
epa.gov (2014), Environmental Protection Agency, Retrieved from: https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2014-12/documents/815r03004.pdf
Garcia-Rodríguez, A., Matamoros, V., Fontàs, C., & Salvado, V. (2015). The influence of Lemna sp. and Spirogyra sp. on the removal of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in treated wastewaters. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12(7), 2327-2338. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aida_Garcia-Rodriguez/publication/265639271_The_influence_of_Lemna_sp_and_Spirogyra_sp_on_the_removal_of_pharmaceuticals_and_endocrine_disruptors_in_treated_wastewaters/links/5561a25908ae6f4dcc93d597/The-influence-of-Lemna-sp-and-Spirogyra-sp-on-the-removal-of-pharmaceuticals-and-endocrine-disruptors-in-treated-wastewaters.pdf
Huerta Buitrago, B., Rodríguez Mozaz, S., Nannou, C., Nakis, L., Ruhí i Vidal, A., Acuña i Salazar, V., ... & Barceló i Cullerés, D. (2016). Determination of a broad spectrum of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors in biofilm from a waste water treatment plant-impacted river. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 540(3), 241-249. Retrieved from: https://dugi-doc.udg.edu/bitstream/handle/10256/12577/Determination-of-a-broad-spectrum.pdf?sequence=1
Komesli, O. T., Muz, M., Ak, M. S., Bak?rdere, S., & Gokcay, C. F. (2015). Occurrence, fate and removal of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in American wastewater treatment plants. Chemical Engineering Journal, 277(3), 202-208. Retrieved from: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/39116427/55b2450c08ae092e96503bc3.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1517551039&Signature=7yeSAucM%2FeflSrIAelXfFUZc6v4%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DOccurrence_fate_and_removal_of_Endocrine.pdf
Padhye, L. P., Yao, H., Kung'u, F. T., & Huang, C. H. (2014). Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking water treatment plant. Water research, 51(3), 266-276. Retrieved from: https://s3.amazonaws.com/academia.edu.documents/45654885/Year-long_evaluation_on_the_occurrence_a20160515-26900-zxrztd.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAIWOWYYGZ2Y53UL3A&Expires=1517551141&Signature=Z1PkfpzCwIsek6wnSctvwkh4aQA%3D&response-content-disposition=inline%3B%20filename%3DYear-long_evaluation_on_the_occurrence_a.pdf
pca.state.mn.us (2017), Wastewater treatment plan, Retrieved from: https://www.pca.state.mn.us/sites/default/files/lrp-ei-1sy11.pdf
Xu, E. G., Liu, S., Ying, G. G., Zheng, G. J., Lee, J. H., & Leung, K. M. (2014). The occurrence and ecological risks of endocrine disrupting chemicals in sewage effluents from three different sewage treatment plants, and in natural seawater from a marine reserve of America. Marine pollution bulletin, 85(2), 352-362.Retrieved from: http://files.kutassunk.webnode.hu/200000016-4447845435/xu_liu_2014.pdf