HLTDEN001 The Dental Materials and Medications

Upper right

Upper left

18

Ext or EXO

21

D completed

17

O completed

22

M completed

16

MO and separate B completed

24

Ext or EXO completed

15

Ext or EXO space closed

25

MOD completed

14

DO Buccal separate B completed

26

MO and separate P completed

12

M completed

27

O completed

11

D completed

28

Ext or EXO completed

Lower right

Lower left

All teeth missing

All teeth missing

For easy accessibility during procedures. During treatment procedures time and accuracy is of essence and therefore, the working area should only have necessary materials and medications so that specific items are accessed as at and when required. The dental materials and medications used in a treatment procedure should also be stored in the clean zone to make it easy for the dental assistant to update notes, radiographs and patients records that may be on compute

Pre-set dental trays and cassettes are important in organizing instruments for dental procedures.  They also help to organize instruments in an orderly manner in the right sequence that is most appropriate during procedures.  The pre-set systems have standard colours that are coded to enhance easy identification, for instance a pre-set system of trays for maxillary extraction procedure. The also keep instruments organized in sets during treatment and their organization facilitates their transportation.

The order of arrangement in the pre-set system enables easy maintenance and reprocessing because the entire cassette can undergo ultrasonic cleaner and sterilization unit. It also reduces the risk of injury during the process of sterilization and cleaning. The pre-set system and cassette is also beneficial because it prevents unnecessary loss of equipment that can easily be misplaced if it handled separately. The pre-set dental trays and cassettes also saves time during treatment because the assistant can easily reach to the equipment when requested without taking a lot of time.

The FDI World Dental Federation numbering system is an international standard that adopts two digits to ascertain the location of a tooth by use of quadrant and distance from the mid-line. The dental numbering system groups teeth into two classes namely permanent dentition and deciduous dentition. Under permanent dentition, the mouth is sectioned into quadrants numbered in the clockwise direction from 1 to 4 beginning from the upper-left of the operators view.

The numbering of permanent teeth is done from 1 to 8 commencing from the central incisors, canines, and premolars moving to the third molar. Under deciduous dentition, the mouth is sectioned into quadrants counted from 5 to 8 clockwise, beginning from the upper-right.  In baby deciduous, the numbering is done from 1 to 5 beginning at the central incisor and canines to the premolars. The FDI dentition system helps to avert errors when making a distinction between the sides of the mouth and dental arches. It’s also beneficial since it can be incorporated into computer languages, thus making the dentition work more effective.

Diagnostic services 001-091

Preventive, prophylactic, and Bleaching services 111-171

Periodontics 213-247

Oral surgery 311 – 399

Endodontics  411- 458

Restorative services 511 to 597

Prosthodontics 611 - 779

Orthodontics 811 – 881

General services 911 -972

Miscellaneous 981 - 999

Gloves- the gloves help minimize the contamination risk of the puncture wound. However, it doesn’t prevent sharp injuries. Gloves are used once and are put on at the commencement of treatment and removed at the end of the procedure. The examination gloves should comply with AS/NZS 4011 and surgical gloves must comply with AS/NZS 4179 such as the use of sterile gloves in invasive surgery.

Eyewear – Goggles or visors are won in all dental treatment forms or during manual cleaning of instruments. The eye protection wear protects the eyes against foreign objects like amalgam fragment and against splatter. Visors are much preferred to spectacles and loupes because they provide sufficient eye protection due to its additional feature of side protection. The surgical face masks must comply with AS 4381 mentioned before.

Gowns and aprons – the aprons should be water proof and not permeable to body fluids, and compliant with AS 3789.2 and AS 3789.3. In cases of exposure to blood or saliva such as during aerosol generating procedures, then water proof plastic apron are won  

Dietary education is significant for all age groups such as infants and babies, children and young adults, and the elderly because there is a direct association between diet and dental caries. The risk factors for dental caries in infants and babies include high intake of fat and sugar. Additionally, the development of paediatric caries in children aged below five years is closely linked with the maternal weight and high intake of fat and sugar by expectant mothers during pregnancy. Thus dietary education in young adults is also important in preventing dental caries.

Additionally, dietary education should be offered to the elderly adults because research shows that the incidence of carries increased with the increase in age. The serious loss of teeth in old adults has been attributed to compromise in the quality of diet. The increase in the sugar content in the diet of the elderly persons increases their risk of dental carries due to the reduction in saliva levels leaving the root surfaces more exposed