HIUS 221 Survey of American History For Causative Agent

1. Describe the role of religion and social morality in promoting Progressive reforms.

2. Describe two reform movements that helped to define the Progressive Era.

3. Discuss one impact of the Progressive movement on American politics (i.e., amendments, legislation, diplomatic decisions).

ment in the history of the country, the government of the day took charge against any of the social problems. On 31/1/1885, the government of the United States enacted a ground breaking amendment that was capable of changing the life of United State citizens. This amendment abolished involuntary servitude, and slavery, except when they are used as a form of punishment for crime.

14th amendment: This amendment was passed on 13/6/1886. This amendment describes citizenship as well as the right of citizens by use of the immunities and privileges clause, Equal protection clause, and Due process clause.

15th amendment: The government of the United States passed the 15th amendment on 26/2/1869. When prejudice, corrupt officials were finding ways of denying freedmen their rights and privileges, Congress enacts a different groundbreaking amendment.

Jim Crow Laws: At the time of Reconstruction period, a series of local as well as state laws were enacted that that help in enforcing racial segregation in the south (southern United State) until the year of 1965.

Louisiana black code: Legislator in Louisiana began to edit and employ the Black Code. This occurred after losing control due to growing population. The legislator used the code in writing the laws relating to slaves as well as changing the word from Freedmen to Slaves. The words were changed, but the spirit of the people still existed, prejudiced, as well as discriminatory.

Working conditions: The male population greatly reduced after the end of Civil war. Many families remained without sons, fathers, brothers, grandfathers, and even uncles. While other families lost their key figures, others came back home severely injured, both mentally and physically.

Sharecropping: Sharecropping started in the year eighteen sixty Even though it was initially coordination between a former slave as well as the landowner; the number of sharecroppers increased the poor Yeoman. Frequently, sharecropping was seen as a similar form of slavery since it was hard to repay the debt incurred by the Tenant.

During the time of Revolutionary War in US, industrialization was never international. The colonies were affected by the monarchy rule in British. When they opposed the rule, the Military from the British cut off links and begin trading with other colonies. Self-reliance and industrialization became a necessity. For them to survive, they had to know how to process and harvest their crops, produce a surplus of the remaining goods, and manufacture their materials and products. While they were learning all these for themselves, their neighbors and friends were busy finding ways on how they can process raw materials at a faster rate by building new machines as well as using the system of manufacturing used by American. The south supplied raw materials, whereas the North produces the required materials and goods. But all this had consequences. The south for a very long time depends on the plantation system and slave labor for their survival. The south obtained their daily spending from the plantation system; they found it hard to change this old system to the new system. The main consequence of industrialization on America was the strength. It enabled the Northern states to stronger than they were before, economically and socially. They could now grow and process their crops by themselves. In 1860, the Southern states and Northern states went to war. Americans from the south were fully reliant on their plantation system. 

Religion and Morality it refers to the correlation between morals and religious views. They are also two separate types of action guides

Progressive movement is the practices of the government that require improvement as the society progress.

Progressivism:  Is the beliefs, principles, or practices of progressives

Religion:

The two reforms are:

•    The worship and service of supernatural or God
•    Devotion or commitment to religious faith

Labor Reform:  

• Settlement housing
• Served as teachers, juvenile probation officers, and school nurse Issues addressed: fair pay, working hours, and working conditions

Social Gospel:  used ethics of the Christian to social difficulties.

The problems include:  alcoholism, poverty, racial tensions, and economic inequality

Women’s suffrage: It Fight for equal right for women

16th Amendment;it allows the government to levy an income tax without sharing it among the states

17th Amendment: This amendment allowed for the election of the senators by use of popular vote

18th Amendment: It made the transport, sale, and production of intoxicating liquids illegal. The amendment aimed to end fraud and corruption being done by government officials and other people.

19th Amendment: This amendment prevents the federal government from denying people their right to voting based on gender.

The Hawaiian Annexation:

After the movement of the Reconstructive, U.S was search of ways to expanding their territories. Initially it found Hawaiian Islands which were a small group of an island located at the mainland. The Natives was the population living in the Hawaiian island; the small kingdom never accepted the white settler. After the signing of the annexation treaty for Hawai’i by President McKinley in 1897, it failed to pass in the Senate. Most of the native population signed a petition against the annexation. They a signed against annexation because they did not want their home to be occupied or annexed. The US government began using other methods to enable them to gain annexation after the failure of the original Annexation. Such tricks include the use of high tariffs and sentencing of the Queen Lili’oukalani. The United States officially annexed Hawai’i by use of the Newlands Resolution. This annexation is an example of the American imperialism.

Spanish-American War:

This was started immediately after the sinking of the USS Maine, rioting and revolts started in Cuba. Tensions were also high because the Citizens began fighting for their independence (Knetsch & Gibson, 2018). The war was ignited by the mysterious sinking of the USS Maine. U.S government investigated the causative agent of the incident and concluded that it was an external explosion. They believed that the explosion was from the Spanish mine. The American president requested for the Military support from the Congress, and in 1889, he was granted permission to send to Cuba military support. The president then demanded the withdrawal of the Spanish from Cuba. This made Spain threaten the US with a war in case the US attacked its territory. The war then started, but it took roughly ten weeks. This is a form of imperialism because Spain gave some of its territories to the United States.  

References 

Knetsch, J., & Gibson, P. K. (2018). Who Loaded What, When, and Where: Capt. James McKay and the Spanish American War. Sunland Tribune, 30(1), 7. 

Rosen, H. (2017). Teaching race and reconstruction. The Journal of the Civil War Era, 7(1), 67-95.