Hi6008 : Business Research : Assessment Answers

1. Introduction
2. Project Objective
3. Project Scope
4. Literature Review
(Students’ needs to summarise Assignment 1 literature review (2-3 pages) and justification from Assignment 1 literature problems, gaps opportunities, Hypothesis)
5. Research Questions/Hypothesis
- Primary Question (only one question)
- Secondary Questions (1, 2 ….)
Research questions should be linked to Literature Problems, Gaps, and Hypothesis
6. Research Design and Methodology

Qualitative research
(Students should propose the Process of the Qualitative Research (Main Steps), Approaches to reliability and Validity, Sampling, Sample Size, Data Collection Method, Variables Specifications)

 

Quantitative research
(Students should propose the process of the Quantitative Research Design Process (Main Steps), Research Instrument, Quantitative Data Analysis Process, Sampling and Simple Size, Interviewing and Questionary Design, Reliability and Validity of Data)
7. Research Limitations
8. Time Schedule (Research plan)
9. Conclusion
10. Reference List

Introduction of the topic

The regular life of a social being is influenced by several economic and social difficulty, which are considered as negative impact of increasing population. Along with that, critical analysis suggests daily complexities like hunger, unemployment, traffic and accidents happen because of excessive population growth. Population refers to a demographic area of a certain place, which influences economic and social condition of that particular place. It has been observed that not only social and economic changes are happening but also there are several aspects of daily life, which are becoming more complicated with the progression of time. Simultaneously, raise of population has been acknowledged as one of the main reasons behind increasing illiteracy, poverty and other casual issues like underemployment and uneven distribution of resources. The problem of traffic and accidents has spread throughout rural area as well. The purpose of the research is to focus on the reasons behind such deterioration of social and economic condition and increasing population as well as try to find out further negative impacts of ever expanding demographic areas (Stevenson et al. 2016). Briefly, the objective is to recognize the relationship between increase in population and its drawbacks like unemployment, hunger, poverty, illiteracy and uneven distribution of opportunities within a time frame of 12 weeks.

Project objective

As discussed in the previous section, the objective of this assignment is to recognize the linkage between increasing proportion of demographic areas and the process it is affecting several factors like road accidents, traffic congestion, and other casual social issues of being hungry, unemployed and poor. Besides, this is considered as one of the major reasons behind pollution in environment, lack of accommodation, illiteracy, uneven distribution of opportunities. The lifestyle of the society is transforming rapidly as the time progresses. After acknowledging the sensitivity of current situation, it has been understood that, the situation will go out of the grip if necessary measurements are not taken in near future. However, in order to act against the issues it is important to know its intensity at first. Therefore, this research will analyse the authenticity of the facts with support of suitable data and information. It will develop an extra ordinary viewpoint of the main discussion along with that work as a guideline of comparing two variables and identifying relationship between them.

Project scope

In order to carry out the research, learning outcomes from previous researches have been taken into account and it can be expected that depending on research method, observations can provide a different dimension to focus on this issue. The first variable is periodic increase in population and the second one is daily issues of casual problem, which involve poverty, crime, unemployment, road accident, traffic consumption, and accommodation issues ((Ngonghala et al. 2014). With the help of several journals, a detail literature review on this topic can help to understand the comparative relationship between these two variables as well as expose the readers to the contemporary situation of the society. While executing the research, apart from the evaluation of associated journal articles, websites and books will be consulted too as sources of information.

Scopes for the readers are; this research will emphasize on the cause effect relationship of population growth and the negative impacts and aspects related to this issue. The research aims to discuss interpersonal relationship among the factors and the intensity of dependency among those.

Literature review

With the rapid transformation of the era, economic and social dimensions have changed accordingly. The lifestyle is not the same as it used to be ten years ago. As far as the gradual increase of the demographic proportion is concerned, the growth is noticeably rapid and after comparing it with the data of last ten years, observation says it is increasing with the ratio of 1:3. As suggested by the study of Philip, et al., (2014), population growth is one of the major reasons of increasing complexities of daily life, which include complex nature of traffic congestion, accidents, deterioration of road condition and public property. Besides, it invites several social anxieties. The study of Oftedal et al. (2015); distinctly reflects the impact of the issue on the lifestyle of people. As a result of increasing and complex traffic congestion the situation of the roads and public properties are getting worse day by day. The improvement in medical science and technology has accelerated the average lifetime of a human being (Liu et al. 2015). Mostly influenced by the advanced discoveries of medical science, the birth and death rates have been altered on a huge scale. Although, there are certain inventions of birth control process, yet lack of awareness or accessibility has made them ineffective in the field of execution (Feng, Cai and Gu 2013). There are other factors like scarcity of food, diseases, natural calamity, that are capable of altering birth and death rates. Irrespective of every possible reasons of decrement in growth, in a periodic manner the graph of growth is going higher with time. The outcome is entire world is suffering from the uneven distribution of natural resources and social opportunity. Lee et al. (2014) suggests; it is very much obvious that if a certain limit of capacity exceeds, the planet will no longer be capable of providing adequate accommodation, food and employment. People are habituated with this by now. However, European countries have shown more concern regarding this than that of Asian countries. China and India are two countries securing first two positions respectively in the list of countries having largest population. Following the growth, the issues have been increasing rapidly and experts are consistently facing difficulties to find the solution. An extensive discussion about the ongoing issues as follows will help to understand the current scenario.

Traffic congestion and road accidents

As per the gathered knowledge from Taleai, Sliuzas, and Flacke, (2014), with the rapid growth in population the number of vehicles on the road have increased accordingly as there are larger number of people who have to commute to their workplaces regularly. The increasing number of population shares a direct proportional equation with increasing population density as the area of accommodation has become inadequate (Blaikie and Brookfield 2015). Almost every family is the owner of one vehicle at least, it is obvious that technology does not influence them to possess something environment friendly. Not only private cares, the demand of public transports has also increased on the road. Therefore, as discussed in Colby and Ortman, (2017), both in the cases of urban and rural areas two consequences can be observed which are, excessive numbers of vehicles on the road during peak hours and carbon emission in the air has increased its level (Gomes et al. 2014).  

As a result of this tremendous pressure, Helliwell and Huang (2014) discusses the tendency of citizens not to comply with the civil laws which are the biggest reasons of accidents and heavy load of vehicles is emphasizing the requirement of rebuilding the roads frequently. Due to the bad conditions of roads, as well accidents are increasing.  It has been observed that directly or indirectly every aspect carries a relationship with the other. Considering the population growth as first variable of the research, a realization occurs that the idea of second variables cannot be confined within two or three aspects as all the factors are interrelated with the first one.

Moreover, as there is no proper infrastructure of first aid the case of survival is low. Citizens are regularly dealing with such miserable situations and it is getting difficult and complicated day by day. The article by Chang et al. (2014) reflected on the lifestyle of people residing on streets who are the victim of road accidents mostly. Population growth is the reason behind less accommodation, therefore within the time gap of ten years the scenario has transformed for the worst largely.

Apart from the main concerns, which are referred, as casual problems of the society, do not possess casual approach at all. Lewis (2017) has revealed that with the limited resource when a certain nation cannot serve the purpose of its demographic density the issues of poverty, unemployment and uneven distribution of opportunities occur. Due to lack of money, they cannot make the best use of facilities and grow as a part of illiterate population (Bates et al. (2014). Illiteracy and poverty drive them to work as a labour irrespective of age. There is a burning ongoing debate can be associated with this, whether poverty has grown because of excessive population or population growth is a result of poverty. Unemployment is bigger problem than it has been estimated. The number of professionals are higher than the positions in the company; competition is fierce. In between all these, systems are biased occasionally. Concisely, described by Helliwell and Huang (2014), unemployment and underemployment are the effects, which has come from the excessive number of eligible persons, recruitment of people in a biased way or lack of suitable jobs. It alters the lifestyle of people on a large scale, as basic facilities within society are scarce. Earning are not capable of fulfilling their needs due to unsuitable job profiles. The entire planet is suffering as rich people are being richer and poor people are not capable of changing their situation due to lack of money. Therefore, the relationship is somewhat like; population growth leads to congestion, social anxieties like unemployment. Unemployment leads to poverty, poverty leads to illiteracy, and illiterate people are less aware of the facts and implications of birth control and influencing the population. In a nutshell, as per the views of Taleai, Sliuzas and Flacke (2014), entire universe is suffering with degrading quality of lifestyle as a strong drawback of increasing population.

It has been observed that previous studies have not discussed about the process of birth control, yet technically every survey is showing the population growth as the major reason of social and economic degradation. Considering this as a literature gap, this paper will focus on drawing a solution of this ongoing turmoil.

Research hypothesis

1. People can control birth rate by implementing the invention of science. This gradual yet effective solution will help to slow down periodic population growth.
2. Acknowledgment of the relationship between population growth and socio-economic degradation will help to resolve the ongoing turmoil.

Research question

Secondary question

Research design

Considering the secondary hypothesis, as the purpose is to establish relationship between socio-economic degradation and population growth, explanatory research design has been taken into account to carry the process. Analytical or descriptive method will assist to achieve the solution.

Methodology

The study will be conducted depending on both the primary and secondary data. Whereas, primary data will be collected from various survey and interview; secondary data will be derived from different books, peer-reviewed journals and websites. The journals, which have been used for the literature review those are sources of secondary data as well. In the addition, census reports and previous reports on the rate of road accidents and several social factors can help to recognise the relationship between two variables. Approximately, there is framework of interviewing at least 100 people, 50 people from a metropolitan city and others should come from a rural background (Buhaug and Urdal 2013).

In order to gain better perception of the topic, quantitative data would be more appropriate to evaluate the situation. Questionnaire will be directly related with the topic and in a close end form. Based on a quantitative analysis, report will be prepared and represented with various graphs, numerical data and percentage rates. Entire survey will be executed maintaining a proper ethical guideline, without violating any norms.

Limitation of the study

No matter how well the plan has been made, while conducting the research it is obvious to face difficulty in various stages of it. For example, the time frame can be considered as one of the most common and major problems of every study. Data collection method, at times, gets tricky as respondents are unwilling to communicate or sampling size is not adequate to draw any conclusion. Moreover, resources are not easily accessible. However, the entire plan must be prepared in the most accurate way so that research can be performed smoothly.

Estimated timeline of the research

ACTIVITY	1st to 4th week	4th to 6th week	7th to 9th week	10th to 12th week
Selection of the topic	Yes
Data collection from primary sources	Yes
Data collection from secondary sources		Yes
Literature review		Yes
Data analysis			Yes
Findings from data analysis			Yes
Generating conclusion				Yes
Formatting the draft				Yes
Submission of final paper				Yes

References: