FBLT040 Project Management : The Regulation of Initiation
Answer:
Introduction:
Project management refers to the regulation of initiation, plan, excitation, control and close of the work that a team performs to get the specific goals and particular success criteria. Project management helps to make unique products and provide services to meet the goals and objectives. In view of Conforto et al. (2016), project management is the prevailing view of the project as transformation of the inputs and outputs to capture the key ideas. The focus of the assignment is to analyze the different theories of the project management. However, Walker (2015) mentioned that a construction company and engineering should know about the project management theories in brief. This assignment will help the companies to know about the different theories of project management. The assignment gave clear idea on the different types of methodology to manage the projects, such as SCRUM. However, it needs to mention that project management has some framework that will help a company to build the culture and working environment strong.
The theories of project management are theory of planning, theory of execution and theory of control. The project management theory provides the opportunity to plan and execute the project by control the construction includin
g transformation, thermostat model, and management as planning and classical communication theory. Project management theory helps to build a strong relationship in between the team members and project managers. Project managers should provide a clear about the project design to the team members so that they can understand about the projects. The assignment will discuss about the importance of the involvement of the stakeholders in the project management. All the stakeholders need to agree with the project deliverables for the progress of the project. Therefore, it is very important to know about the key responsibilities of the project managers and stakeholders.
The assignment discusses about the project management theories. The assignment focuses on the main findings that are collected from the interviews. The findings are analyzed and improvement areas are pointed.
About Project Management theory
The theory of project management in construction industry is provided with the help of transformation view on operations. The concept of a project is dependent on the procedure of transformation of various input as well as output. There are numerous principles, which are helpful in managing the project. The project management is dependent on mainly three theories, which include management as planning, the dispatching model and the thermostat model.
In management- as- planning theory, the operational level of management mainly comprises of creation, revision as well as implementation of various plans. This approach towards project management helps in providing a strong fundamental connection among different actions of management as well as outcomes of the construction industry (Midler, Killen and Kock 2016). The dispatching model reflects that the tasks that are planned can be executed with the help of notification to the executor of the project. The model of thermostat is one of the cybernetic models of management, which generally comprises of various components (Pitsis et al. 2014). The possible variance between the various standards as well as their measured value can be utilized for correcting the processes in order to reach the standard.
Theories of project management
The main theories of project management in the fields of planning, execution as well as control in construction project include transformation, management as planning, classical communication theory and thermostat model (Martinsuo 2013). The theoretical foundation of project management can be evaluated with the help four sources of evidence, which includes plausibility and consistency, empirical validity, alternative method and competing theories. The various hidden assumptions are helpful in underlying the theory of project management. It has been analyzed that many of the consideration are correct or valid only in some extraordinary situations (Pitsis et al. 2014). The incorrect assumptions can lead towards various types of problems, which generally occur due to the irrelevant theories as well as methods relying on them.
Theories of project management are:
Theory of planning: The construction project mainly consists of two parts that are managerial part and effector part. The managerial part mainly deals with planning whereas the effector part helps in translating the resultant plan into an action (Bresnen 2016). The main assumptions, which are associated with the theory of planning includes translation of various plans into actions which is considered as one of the simple procedure by the directors of the organization and the matter of internal planning which is fully dependent on the person undertaking the task.
Theory of execution: Execution of task can be defined as a procedure that helps in dispatching tasks to various workstations. The assumptions, which are associated with it, includes that the construction project must be preceded according to the plan and the input of the tasks must be executed if they are ready during authorization.
Theory of Control: In the theory of control, the possible variance between the various measured as well as standard value is used in order to correct the procedure (Martinsuo 2013). The assumptions are that the process must be a continuous flow type for measuring the performance at some aggregate terms.
Main findings from the interviews
Analysis and improvements
It is analyzed that the current underlying foundation is obsolete as per the evidence, which must be substituted by wider as well as more powerful theories of foundation.
In this part of the report, the main findings from the interview will be discussed. The main findings that were conducted from the interviews were that majority of the Project Managers use similar frameworks that are slightly adjusted to suit their company working environment and culture.
For the first interview it is evident that team motivation is significant within an organisation as he explains, his previous projects have increased his knowledge on using specific strategies such as,managing the team in a friendly but firm manner to deliver successful projects. This is because being too rigid can lead for a project to fall apart.
Similarly, this strategy was evidently used in other organisations. It is believed that it is highly important to be a people manager more than anything. This ensures that a relationship is built amongst the team members and the project manager. Therefore, the project manager is able to implement decisions without actually having to directly tell them what to do. Furthermore, a project manager cannot always choose its team members and often may have to work offsite with members from various organisations; therefore this strategy helps to avoid building negative relationships and conflict with one another.
One other key technique that is used to link projects to strategy is being proactive and keeping up to date with technology. Technology is always evolving and is used in vast amount of projects, whether or not this is an expertise of the project manager, it is important to be on top of various departments within the team to always have a plan ready for upcoming changes.
value creation
The project managers have suggested that (improve)
The techniques that project managers may use to effectively manage stakeholdersis by giving them the sense of involvement with creating the projects end result. The significance in understanding the stakeholder’s interests enables to produce an effective delivery approach. Furthermore, it allows all the stakeholders that are involved within the project to come to an agreement on the projects deliverables. This is done but creating a detailed project plan and keeping a steady stream of report so the project current progress is clear to everyone. Therefore, if any changes need to happen, these can be agreed upon.
On the other hand, project managers within other organization believe that Moscow is a significant technique to reach a common understanding with stakeholders. This approach is a Must Haves, Should haves, could haves and Wont haves method that sets priorities to specific tasks and requirements. These are identified with the stakeholders and the priorities are challenged by the project managers and continuously assessed. Furthermore, engaging the stakeholders with the problem solving helps to create a list of lessons-learned.
The most common methodology that is used by project managers to manage projects is SCRUM. This is a framework to manage a process. Project managers believe that it is important to not single out one methodology but rather be open to explore different methodologies that suit your current project requirements. Therefore, it is crucial to be adaptive to the environment of the project and also with the people that are working on the project.
The critical success factors that some of the project managers have used in projects are On Time, under or on budget, client satisfaction and KPIs. --------------
Using and abiding by a RACI ( RACI is an acronym derived from the four key responsibilities most typically used: Responsible, Accountable, Consulted, and Informed), and Risk Register, with reports and daily standups to highlight any risks/issues/concerns to ensure they are addressed before they become too big.
RAID stands for Risks, Assumptions, Issues and Dependencies. Daily and weekly reports. The project manager allows to keep a block of 1 hour in her daily schedule to allow team to report back to her. Also ensures regardless of where the team members are (on site or off site) have a meeting (phone or in person) to allow other to report any issues. Therefore everyone working in the team is aware aswell as the project manager.-------
If there was some magic way to get everyone to actually review and abide by it all then through that otherwise through patience and practice.
Conclusion:
Based on the above discussion, it can be concluded that the application of project management theory plays important role in the construction business and engineering industry. All the project managers should know their responsibilities completely and perform according to the requirement. Theories of project management provide clear idea about the transformation of the key ideas and successfully complete the projects under the project managers. However, the project manager should not approach his team for every project rather; he should choose the best team for a particular project. The project management theory provides a framework to the companies that help the companies. The analysis of the the interview results helped to present the report clearly. Project management theory helps to build a friendly environment in an organization to develop the projects and position in the market. Main aspects of the theories need to be summarized as the focus point of the assignment to analyze the theories of the project management. The project managers need to imply some strategies to motivate the team members to complete a project successfully. The methodologies need to be explored to understand the current projects, in which other team members are working.
References:
Conforto, E.C., Amaral, D.C., da Silva, S.L., Di Felippo, A. and Kamikawachi, D.S.L., 2016. The agility construct on project management theory. International Journal of Project Management, 34(4), pp.660-674.
Walker, A., 2015. Project management in construction. John Wiley & Sons.
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