ESM343 Climate Change in Nigeria - Negative Effects
- Research on Nigeria with respect to its position on climate change action.
- Use internet resources – including UNFCCC sites to get the most recent information.
- Get a sense of how Nigeria has changed over time too: since 1994.
- What different stances has taken by Nigeria on climate change action?
Answer
Climate change
Climate change has brought negative effects to the efforts of development plans in Nigeria. Weather-related disasters have been experienced in the last three decades. According to Alistair (2014, P.52), the Nigerian meteorological agency assessed the climate change over the period from 1994 to 2017 and noticed some changes. During this period, they noticed that most parts of the country have been receiving short rains by a decrease of 2-8 mm while others increased to 2-5. The research also showed that there was an increase in temperature in most regions with an exception of Jos area where a slight cooling was noted. Increase in temperature was mostly recorded in the northeast and northwest parts with a rise of between 1.5-1.8 degrees (Janet & Olivier 2016, p. 32).
According to Meredith (2015, p.93), these climate changes brought some impacts to the country. In the year 1995, due to small rains reported, the level of waters reduced in most lakes and this affected fishing processes. This also affected the crops, livestock and also country’s economy. High Migration rates have also been reported where people tend to shift to areas which are not prone to climate change hazards. Since climate change has an economic impact on housing, more than 40% of the people have also shifted to urban areas.
However, the government has seen the importance of the national response to climate change and come up with measures to control the issue. One of these steps is strengthening rural settlements to minimize rural-urban migrations. They have also discouraged the building of houses to high risk or low lying areas. It has also developed a climate change adaptation action plan in urban areas particularly to people living in high-risk areas. According to Robert (2010, p.47), they have also introduced a strong agricultural system for both crops and livestock. For example, they have increased access to drought-resistant crops and livestock feeds. They also give warnings about meteorological predictions and other important information.
In addition, they have also come up with ways of managing resources (Robert 2010, p. 49). For example, they have encouraged on the use of irrigation schemes which uses a small amount of water, increased in groundwater harvesting to use in agriculture and also enouraged the plantation of more vegetation. It has also put more efforts in agricultural impacts particularly the Sahel in savanna zones which are areas most affected by impacts on climate change.
References
Alistair, W 2014, Climate Change and Health: Recent Progress, Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 92, No. 11, pp. 50-54
Janet, C & Olivier, D 2016, Children and Climate Change: Introducing the Issue. The Future of Children, vol. 26, No.1, pp. 30-34
Meredith, W 2015, Climate Change in the Courts: An Assessment of Non-U.S. Climate Litigation, Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum, vol. 26, No. 1, pp. 90-95
Robert, LG 2010, Climate Change Adaptation: A Collective Action Perspective on Federalism Considerations, Environmental Law, Vol. 40, No. 4, pp. 45-50
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