BSBPMG512 Manage Project Time
Develop work breakdown structure with sufficient detail to enable effective planning and control
Estimate duration and effort, sequence and dependencies of tasks, to achieve project deliverables
Use project scheduling tools and techniques to identify schedule impact on project time management, resource requirements, costs and risks
Contribute to achieving an agreed schedule baseline and communication of the schedule to stakeholders 2.1 Implement mechanisms to measure, record and report progress of activities according to agreed schedule
Conduct ongoing analysis to identify baseline variance
Analyse and forecast impact of changes to the schedule
Review progress throughout project life cycle and implement agreed schedule changes
Develop responses to potential or actual schedule changes and implement them to maintain project objectives
To complete the unit requirements safely and effectively, the individual must:
- explain estimation techniques to determine task duration and resource effort
- explain procedures for identifying critical path
- explain procedures for managing project baselines, establishment and variance
- summarise project life cycle phases and describe each phase
- explain best-practice time management methodologies, their capabilities, limitations, applications and outcomes
- summarise key tools for project scheduling
- explain work breakdown structures and application to project schedules.
Here is a checklist to help you create a well thought out, detailed project plan while building a committed high performing team:
- Define what needs to be done using a Work Breakdown Structure.
- Discover the best approach to getting everything done by developing a Logic Network.
- Develop work and duration estimates of how long each team member needs for each work package.
- Calculate how long the project will take to complete its critical path and milestone schedule using the Logic Network.
- Calculate and chart the number of people needed and the percentage of each team member's time for each phase of the project.
- Adjust and refine the project plan to level individual workloads and smooth out the number of people needed for the project.
- Creatively optimise trade-offs to deliver the best results in the shortest time.
- Use the joint planning process to intensify team members' commitment and ownership.
- Determine the major deliverables or products to be produced. Ask yourself, "What major intermediate or final products or deliverables must be produced to achieve the project's objectives?"
You may identify the following items:
o Training program needs statement o Training program design o Participant notebooks o Trained instructor o Program testing o Training program presentation 2. Divide each of these major deliverables into its component deliverables in the same manner. Choose any one of these deliverables to begin with. Suppose you choose Training program needs statement.
"What intermediate deliverables must I have so I can create the needs statement?"
You may determine that you require the following:
Interviews of potential participants o A review of materials discussing the needs for the program o A report summarizing the needs this program will address 3. Divide each of these work pieces into its component parts.
Answer:
Knowledge Assessment-Written Tasks
- Why do we use WBS for Project Management?
The project management is the analysis of the works dependent on the alignment of the specific and smart alignment of the operations. The WBS stands for work breakdown structure and it involves the development of the work and aligning the significant listing of functions. The work breakdown structure would allow the division of the complete project into specific smaller operations for ensuring that the implication of the works would be implied with the implication and development. The WBS would be developed for ensuring the division of the smaller work packages and it would allow the easy division of the works. The complete project would be subdivided into smaller sub projects for ensuring the work division is aligned cohesively. The division of the work would be helpful for ensuring the alignment of the specific work allocation and development.
- As a project manager, in which document do you track the schedule progress such as activities completed, activities in program, actual start and finish dates, percentage complete, hours spent, resource allocations, etc.
(a) Project Schedule
(b) Schedule Baseline
(c) Schedule Management Plan
(d) Schedule Network Diagram
Answer: Schedule Baseline is helpful for keeping track of schedule progress by keeping accounts of activities completed, activities in program, actual start and finish dates, percentage complete, hours spent, resource allocations, etc.
- What is project baseline and what does it include?
The project baseline can be defined as the implication for storing the scheduled values estimated at the project planning method to act as a reference point.
The project baseline includes the values of schedule, cost, and resource usage that had been estimated at the initial planning phase. It helps in keeping track of the project progress enabling whether the project would be completed successfully.
- Describe how to use milestone tracking as a means of measuring project progress.
The milestone tracking is helpful for enabling the use of tracking methods like checklist, documentation, and log books for analyzing the progress of the project. The milestone identification would be done considering the practical perspective of the work. The achievement of the specific points would be dependent on the alignment of the works and formation of the smart work development and alignment of the successive work development. The use of the milestone tracking would be helpful for defining the project milestones, overseeing the project progress, and identifying the project status. The completion of the project activities would be
implied with the listing of the activities and forming the utilization and information listing for the operations.
- What is the percent complete approach to measuring project progress?
The project progress would be completed with the formation and listing the application management. The percent complete approach would be effectively measures with the formation of the works and allocation of the smart management works. The complete approach would be implied with the functional listing of the works. The project progress would be effectively implied with the continuation of the works and development of the implied management works. The measurement of the project progress would be implied with the continuation management. The completion of the project would be effectively managed with the utilization management formation. The measurement of the project progress would be implied for the successful listing of the alignment management.
- What is cost variance?
The cost variance is the value difference between the cost’s actual management and the budgeted amount of utilization. The cost variance calculation would be aligned with implication management and utilization of the factors. The completion of the smart and effective management would be implied with the listing of the cost variance calculation. The cost variance calculation would be required for aligning the management of the information and taking care of the conceptive management of the works. The calculation of the cost variance is done by subtracting actual cost from earned value.
Hence, for over budgeted projects, CV would be negative whereas under budgeted project would have positive value. The value ‘0’ of CV would be helpful for ensuring that the project final budget and estimated budget is same.
- What happens during execution phase of the project?
The execution phase is characterized by the use of the proper documents like project charter, schedule, resource usage, cost budget, risk management plan, and design for achieving the final output of the project. The development of the works would be effectively implied with the continuation of the effective work experience. The execution phase involves the simplification of the improved work experience for forming the utilization management. The formation of the works would be supported by the utilization of the works and formation of the smart work development. The project execution would be aligned with the formation of the implication management. The project execution would be effectively implied for taking care of the factors for managing the development model. The execution phase would be responsible for executing the works and forming the successful implication of the works.
- John is managing a project. The project is three quarters done when the site engineer reports that due to inherent complexities in a certain task the deliverables would get delayed. This would involve additional analysis and then implementation. He requests that this new work that was not envisaged earlier be added to the scope and also the time be added to the schedule. You and the site engineer have analyzed the impact of this change to cost and have written up a change request approval from the change control board. Just today you have received approval from the change control board – what should be the immediate course of action?
(a) Start Work immediately
(b) Ascertain the impact of this change to scope, schedule, and cost before making any change
(c) Perform Quality Assurance
(d) Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are update to reflect the approved change before implementing the change
Answer: (d) Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are update to reflect the approved change before implementing the change
- The project time management process consists of following seven processes:
- Define Activities
- Develop Schedule
- Plan Schedule Activities
- Sequence Activities
- Estimate Activity Durations
- Estimate Activity Resources
- Control Schedule
- The representation of the plan for executing the project’s activities including durations, dependencies, and other planning information, used to produce project schedule along with other scheduling artifacts is known as:
(a) Schedule Compression
(b) Schedule Model
(c) Schedule Data
(d) None of the above
Answer: (b) Schedule Model
- The method of estimating project duration or cost by aggregating the estimated of the lower-level components of the WBS is known as:
(a) Alternative Analysis
(b) Bottom-up Estimating
(c) Parametric Estimating
(d) Three-point Estimating
Answer: (b) Bottom-up Estimating
- During project execution, a work item has taken twice as long as the estimation. The estimates were provided for by the Project Architect and an external consultant. The client has asked if the deadline can be brought forward by a week. Which of the following actions can you take?
(a) Use the triangle of constraints to understand and explain to the client that if the deadline is brought forward the scope and/or cost will increase
(b) Analyze the risk and add it to the Risk Breakdown Structure
(c) Use the Delphi Method to determine if this request can be accommodated
(d) Provide the client with the new schedule and communicate the risk of bringing forward the deadline
Answer: (d) Provide the client with the new schedule and communicate the risk of bringing forward the deadline
- During a work breakdown structure meeting you have decomposed the deliverable into the work packages and created your WBS dictionary. However, you now want to decompose the work packages to assist you in estimating, executing, and control the project. These decomposed work packages are called?
(a) Milestone
(b) Work packages can’t be decomposed into smaller units
(c) Activities
(d) Control Accounts
Answer: (c) Activities
- As the project manager of a project, you needed to estimate certain activity duration before team members were acquired. In acquisition of the project team, you find that the actual competency levels of the acquired team members are much lower than what you had anticipated. In such a case, you will:
(a) Make no changes to the schedule
(b) Make changes to the activity duration and schedule incorporating the changed competency levels
(c) Inform the customer that the project is behind schedule
(d) Ask the project team members to meet the original schedule by putting in overtime if required
Answer: (b) Make changes to the activity duration and schedule incorporating the changed competency levels
- A Project Manager has finalized scope baseline and started to define activities using company’s templates and procedures. What is missing to complete the work?
(a) Organizational Process Assets
(b) Enterprise Environmental Factors
(c) Requirements documentation
(d) Activity List
Answer: (d) Activity List
Task 1- Project Time Management
- Work Breakdown Structure
The work breakdown structure would allow the division of the complete project into specific smaller operations for ensuring that the implication of the works would be implied with the implication and development. The WBS would be developed for ensuring the division of the smaller work packages and it would allow the easy division of the works. The following diagram would show the work breakdown structure for the project,
Project ScheduleThe project schedule has been developed using the implication of the project adaptive modulation development management. The scheduling of the adaptive framework would be effectively implied with the successful completion of the works. The scheduling of the works would be effectively developed compiling the management of the works would be effectively managed with the successful alignment of the works and formation of the successful work development. The project schedule has been divided into the following phases,
Initiation Phase: The first phase of the project development and it would be effectively implied with the formation of the smart development of works. The initiation phase involves the accumulation of the information and the alignment of the works cohesively. The utilization of the activities like requirement analysis, charter documentation, submission of documents, and sign off are considered in this phase.
Planning: The planning is the second phase of the project operations including the development of the activities that are required for execution for project. The planning phase would involve the identification of the works that are required in the latter phases. The planning phase involves the activities of activity scheduling, listing of tasks, completion of plan, and plan approval.
Designing: The designing is the third phase of the project operations that is being made for making the new design of the website. The website development would be effectively developed for entrapping the new features and programs in a new design. The design development would be effectively implied with the involvement of the functions and activities like website design platform selection, UI graphics are made, font is selected, content is listed, complete designing, and design approval.
Execution: It is the most crucial phase of the project activities as the main generation of the output is being done in this phase only. The execution of project activities that had been developed with the consideration of the smart project completion management would be implied with the consideration of the smart management processing. The activities included in this phase involves the UI is made, functions are made, website database is made, website domain is bought, privacy policy is made, security functions are made, integration of work functions, complete website is made, and website approved.
Testing and Monitoring: This phase is characterized by the analysis of the work requirements and the output of the project works. The testing and monitoring of the project outcomes would be effectively implied with the formation of the activities like Simulation, Alpha testing, Beta testing, and Testing Completed. The completion of this phase would involve the completion of the works and forming the alignment of the works dependent on the alignment of the work development.
Closing: The final phase of the project that would involve the activities of website domain is fixed, go live of website, final documentation, submission of documents, sign off, and closure. The completion of the phase would be helpful for documenting the project activities so that it can be used for future references. The project report would serve as the final project completion work.
WBS |
Task Name |
Duration |
Start |
Finish |
0 |
Redevelopment of Website for National Archives of Australia |
30 days |
Mon 12/3/18 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
1 |
Initiation Phase |
7 days |
Mon 12/3/18 |
Tue 12/11/18 |
1.1 |
Requirement Analysis |
2 days |
Mon 12/3/18 |
Tue 12/4/18 |
1.2 |
Charter Documentation |
4 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Mon 12/10/18 |
1.3 |
Submission of documents |
1 day |
Tue 12/11/18 |
Tue 12/11/18 |
M1 |
Sign off |
0 days |
Tue 12/11/18 |
Tue 12/11/18 |
2 |
Planning |
7 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
2.1 |
Activity Scheduling |
3 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Fri 12/7/18 |
2.2 |
Listing of tasks |
4 days |
Mon 12/10/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
2.3 |
Completion of Plan |
7 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
M2 |
Plan Approval |
0 days |
Thu 12/13/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
3 |
Designing |
6 days |
Fri 12/14/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
3.1 |
Website Design Platform Selection |
2 days |
Fri 12/14/18 |
Mon 12/17/18 |
3.2 |
UI Graphics are made |
3 days |
Wed 12/19/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
3.3 |
Font is selected |
1 day |
Tue 12/18/18 |
Tue 12/18/18 |
3.4 |
Content is listed |
3 days |
Wed 12/19/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
3.5 |
Complete Designing |
6 days |
Fri 12/14/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
M3 |
Design Approval |
0 days |
Fri 12/21/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
4 |
Execution |
15 days |
Tue 12/18/18 |
Mon 1/7/19 |
4.1 |
UI is made |
5 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Fri 12/28/18 |
4.2 |
Functions are made |
4 days |
Tue 12/18/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
4.3 |
Website Database is made |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
4.4 |
Website Domain is bought |
1 day |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Thu 12/27/18 |
4.5 |
Privacy Policy is made |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
4.6 |
Security functions are made |
4 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Tue 1/1/19 |
4.7 |
Integration of work functions |
3 days |
Wed 1/2/19 |
Fri 1/4/19 |
4.8 |
Complete Website is made |
8 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Mon 1/7/19 |
M4 |
Website Approved |
0 days |
Mon 1/7/19 |
Mon 1/7/19 |
5 |
Testing and Monitoring |
9 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Thu 1/3/19 |
5.1 |
Simulation |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
5.2 |
Alpha testing |
2 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Fri 12/28/18 |
5.3 |
Beta testing |
2 days |
Wed 1/2/19 |
Thu 1/3/19 |
M5 |
Testing Completed |
0 days |
Thu 1/3/19 |
Thu 1/3/19 |
6 |
Closing |
11 days |
Fri 12/28/18 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
6.1 |
Website Domain is fixed |
2 days |
Fri 12/28/18 |
Mon 12/31/18 |
6.2 |
Go Live of Website |
2 days |
Tue 1/1/19 |
Wed 1/2/19 |
6.3 |
Final Documentation |
4 days |
Fri 1/4/19 |
Wed 1/9/19 |
6.4 |
Submission of documents |
1 day |
Thu 1/10/19 |
Thu 1/10/19 |
6.5 |
Sign off |
1 day |
Fri 1/11/19 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
M6 |
Closure |
0 days |
Fri 1/11/19 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
- Critical Path
The project has been developed using the alignment of the effective and smart work development model. The critical path of project comprise of those tasks that cannot be executed with each other and sum of their individual durations would provide the final project duration. The critical path is identified as the activities aligning with the progress of the project and developing the final outcome of the project. The identified critical path for the project is given in the following table and diagram,
WBS |
Task Name |
Duration |
1.1 |
Requirement Analysis |
2 days |
2.1 |
Activity Scheduling |
3 days |
2.2 |
Listing of tasks |
4 days |
2.3 |
Completion of Plan |
7 days |
M2 |
Plan Approval |
0 days |
3.1 |
Website Design Platform Selection |
2 days |
4.2 |
Functions are made |
4 days |
4.5 |
Privacy Policy is made |
3 days |
4.6 |
Security functions are made |
4 days |
5.3 |
Beta testing |
2 days |
M5 |
Testing Completed |
0 days |
6.3 |
Final Documentation |
4 days |
6.4 |
Submission of documents |
1 day |
6.5 |
Sign off |
1 day |
M6 |
Closure |
0 days |
Critical Path Description: The critical path of the project include the activities of Requirement Analysis, Activity Scheduling, Listing of tasks, Completion of Plan, Website Design Platform Selection, Functions are made, Privacy Policy is made, Security functions are made, Beta testing, Final Documentation, Submission of documents, and Sign off. The completion of these activities and the duration would be implied with the formation of the work that has been successfully. The integration would be effectively developed for integrating the alignment management. The summarization of the activities and the key listing would be implied with the development.
- Communication of schedule baseline
The communication of the schedule baseline would be effectively developed considering the utilization of the factors. Schedule Baseline is helpful for keeping track of schedule progress by keeping accounts of activities completed, activities in program, actual start and finish dates, percentage complete, hours spent, and resource allocations. The project baseline includes the values of schedule, cost, and resource usage that had been estimated at the initial planning phase. It helps in keeping track of the project progress enabling whether the project would be completed successfully. The schedule baseline date of 31st December 2018 has been selected for calculation of the baseline schedule. The following Gantt chart has been set for the baseline schedule for the date of 31st December,
- Tracking Gantt Charts
- Time Rescheduling
The time rescheduling would be done by implying the use of the effective work development and integrating the listing of the effective work management. The time rescheduling would be effectively managed by the alignment of the implicit work development. The rescheduling of the work would be effectively managed with the help of resource inclusion, hiring contractor, and delaying the schedule. The project is largely impacted by the scope trio constraint and the rescheduling would be largely impacted by the formation of the effective alignment of works.
Out of the three options of rescheduling, hiring contractor would be selected as it would help in transferring the risk of delay to an external person that would be solely responsible for the completion of the work. The completion of the works would be highly impacted by the formation of the smart work development. The completion of the works would be eased by inclusion of the external people in the project.
- What processes will you put in place to:
- Measure
- Record
- Report Progress of activities
in relation to the schedule?
- Measure: Calendar
- Record: Project Log Book
- Report Progress of activities: Gantt chart
- Describe what you need to do to implement any agreed schedule changes
The following two methods must be followed for implementing any agreed schedule changes
- Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are update to reflect the approved change before implementing the change
- Provide the client with the new schedule and communicate the risk of bringing forward the deadline
- Review Project Time Performance
The project time performance can be understood by the following tables and graphs,
WBS |
Task Name |
Duration |
Start |
Finish |
Predecessors |
1.1 |
Requirement Analysis |
2 days |
Mon 12/3/18 |
Tue 12/4/18 |
|
1.2 |
Charter Documentation |
4 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Mon 12/10/18 |
2 |
1.3 |
Submission of documents |
1 day |
Tue 12/11/18 |
Tue 12/11/18 |
3 |
M1 |
Sign off |
0 days |
Tue 12/11/18 |
Tue 12/11/18 |
4 |
2.1 |
Activity Scheduling |
3 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Fri 12/7/18 |
2 |
2.2 |
Listing of tasks |
4 days |
Mon 12/10/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
7 |
2.3 |
Completion of Plan |
7 days |
Wed 12/5/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
2 |
M2 |
Plan Approval |
0 days |
Thu 12/13/18 |
Thu 12/13/18 |
8,9 |
3.1 |
Website Design Platform Selection |
2 days |
Fri 12/14/18 |
Mon 12/17/18 |
10 |
3.2 |
UI Graphics are made |
3 days |
Wed 12/19/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
12 |
3.3 |
Font is selected |
1 day |
Tue 12/18/18 |
Tue 12/18/18 |
12 |
3.4 |
Content is listed |
3 days |
Wed 12/19/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
14 |
3.5 |
Complete Designing |
6 days |
Fri 12/14/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
10 |
M3 |
Design Approval |
0 days |
Fri 12/21/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
16 |
4.1 |
UI is made |
5 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Fri 12/28/18 |
13 |
4.2 |
Functions are made |
4 days |
Tue 12/18/18 |
Fri 12/21/18 |
12 |
4.3 |
Website Database is made |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
15 |
4.4 |
Website Domain is bought |
1 day |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Thu 12/27/18 |
21 |
4.5 |
Privacy Policy is made |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
20 |
4.6 |
Security functions are made |
4 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Tue 1/1/19 |
23 |
4.7 |
Integration of work functions |
3 days |
Wed 1/2/19 |
Fri 1/4/19 |
19,22,24 |
4.8 |
Complete Website is made |
8 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Mon 1/7/19 |
21 |
M4 |
Website Approved |
0 days |
Mon 1/7/19 |
Mon 1/7/19 |
25,26 |
5.1 |
Simulation |
3 days |
Mon 12/24/18 |
Wed 12/26/18 |
16 |
5.2 |
Alpha testing |
2 days |
Thu 12/27/18 |
Fri 12/28/18 |
20 |
5.3 |
Beta testing |
2 days |
Wed 1/2/19 |
Thu 1/3/19 |
24 |
M5 |
Testing Completed |
0 days |
Thu 1/3/19 |
Thu 1/3/19 |
29,30,31 |
6.1 |
Website Domain is fixed |
2 days |
Fri 12/28/18 |
Mon 12/31/18 |
22 |
6.2 |
Go Live of Website |
2 days |
Tue 1/1/19 |
Wed 1/2/19 |
34 |
6.3 |
Final Documentation |
4 days |
Fri 1/4/19 |
Wed 1/9/19 |
32 |
6.4 |
Submission of documents |
1 day |
Thu 1/10/19 |
Thu 1/10/19 |
36 |
6.5 |
Sign off |
1 day |
Fri 1/11/19 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
37 |
M6 |
Closure |
0 days |
Fri 1/11/19 |
Fri 1/11/19 |
35,38 |
Now according to the given project file (or calendar list) it is possible for keeping track of the works. The completion of the project would be listed with the help of tracking Gantt chart as it would help in making sure that the project is working in time.
- Time Management Issues in Project
Date |
Description of problem |
Recommended Action for next time |
Lesson Learnt Raised by |
10/12/2018 |
Delay in Documentation |
Documentation template must be followed |
Process Documentation |
14/12/18 |
Website Design Errors |
Design Principles using SDLC must be followed |
Design Principle Implication |
21/12/18 |
Programming Issues |
External Expert must be followed |
Debugging of program bugs |
1/1/19 |
Go Live Issues |
Vendor must be consulted before implementing the website |
Implicational Issues Resolution |
5/12/18 |
Over Budget |
Provisional Budget would be used |
Budget Performance |
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