BP023 : Criminal Justice : Investigating and Detecting Crime
Question:
Discuss how each data source is relevant to the problem.
Consider personnel and stakeholders and how they influence decision making.
Use technology and information resources to research issues in criminal justice.
Write clearly and concisely about criminal justice using proper writing mechanics.
Answer:
The criminal justice system of a country is considered legitimate based on both its fairness and effectiveness in investigating and detecting crime, identifying offenders and imposing appropriate sanctions to those found guilty. However, this legitimacy is greatly undermined by wrongful convictions of innocent persons. Wrongful convictions are unfortunate and common events that are very devastating. In a report released by the National Registry of Exonerations (NRE), there have been over 2,161 wrongful convictions of innocent people between the years 1989 and 2017. According to statistics, between two to five percent of persons serving in jails are considered innocent, and this translates to almost 40,000 individuals spending their lives in prison (Murray, 2015).
According to the NRE’s report, Washington DC, is the leader in exonerations resulting from wrongful convictions with more than two exonerations in every 100,000 cases heard. This high exoneration rate is due to establishment of a federal unit by the US attorney’s office in an effort to correct the multiple wrongful convictions. However, according to the National Registry of Exonerations (NRE) of the Michigan University, pinpointing the total number of persons currently serving their terms in prisons out of wrongful convictions is quite difficult. Research shows that since the year 2014, approximately 4.1% of individuals sentenced to death have been found later to be innocent (National Registry of Exonerations, University of Michigan, Center on Wrongful Convictions & Newkirk Center for Science & Society, 2012).
It has been pointed out in research that the main causes for wrongful convictions are misidentification of the eyewitness, forensic misconduct, false confession and inadequate legal defense. The following graphics have been put together to illustrate the breakdown of the exonerations annually and also the number of exonerated cases in each state using the data from National Registry of Exonerations (NRE).
References:
Murray, E. A. (2015). Overturning wrongful convictions: Science serving justice. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books.
National Registry of Exonerations, University of Michigan, Center on Wrongful Convictions, & Newkirk Center for Science & Society. (2012). The National Registry of Exonerations. Ann Arbor, MI: National Registry of Exonerations, University of Michigan Law School.
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