Bos 3551 Environmental Issues : Assessment Answers

Answer:

NREL's analysts create processes that utilize pressure of heat, chemicals, and compounds to open the sugars in cellulosic biomass. The sugars are then matured to ethanol, regularly by utilizing hereditarily designed microorganisms. Since cellulosic ethanol is the main possibility for supplanting an extensive part of U.S. oil utilize, it is the concentration of DOE's Biomass Program.

A substantially more straightforward compound process is utilized to create biodiesel. The present biodiesel offices begin with vegetable oils, seed oils, or creature fats and join them with methanol or ethanol within the sight of an impetus. Likewise, NREL's hereditary designing work has delivered green growth with a high lipid content that can be utilized as another wellspring of biodiesel. Green growth is a type of biomass which could generously expand our country's capacity to create residential bio-fuels. Green growth and plants can fill in as a characteristic wellspring of oil, which ordinary oil refineries can change over into stream fuel or diesel fuel—an item known as "green diesel."

NREL specialists likewise investigate and create thermo-chemical forms for changing over biomass to fluid energizes. One such process is pyrolysis, which breaks down biomass by warming it without air. This delivers an oil-like fluid that can be singed like fuel oil or refined into chemicals and energizes, for example, "green gas." Thermochemical procedures can likewise be utilized to pretreat biomass for change to biofuels.

Later on, biomass-determined parts, for example, sugars, lignins, and triglycerides may likewise be changed over to hydrocarbon powers. Such energizes can be utilized as a part of overwhelming obligation vehicles, fly motors, and different applications that need fills with higher vitality densities than those of ethanol or biodiesel.

Advantages of biomass in converting biomass to liquid

Biomass is a source of renewable energy which is energy efficient. There are various advantages which makes the biomass a perfect source for fossil fuels.

1. Biomass fuel is used to heat up the houses in winter by lighting up the fireplace.
2. The biomass does not release carbon as these are made up of vegetable oils and animal fats.
3. The conversion of biomass into bio-fuels helps the world by reducing the consumption of fossil fuels.
4. It also helps in reducing the amount of waste in landfills.
5. As the biomass energy is a versatile source therefore it can be used to create different products.

The disadvantages of bio-fuels in Tortilla Nomics: food or fuel

Tortilla is the food for the poor in Mexico. Making of bio-fuels from tortilla is causing the rise in the price of the tortilla. Money that is spent for making the bio-fuels made the rise of tortilla which is leading to the starvation.

References

Matson, T. D., Ford, P. C., Macala, G., & Iretski, A. (2016). U.S. Patent No. 9,522,864. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Venkatakrishnan, V. K., Delgass, W. N., Ribeiro, F. H., & Agrawal, R. (2015). Oxygen removal from intact biomass to produce liquid fuel range hydrocarbons via fast-hydropyrolysis and vapor-phase catalytic hydrodeoxygenation. Green Chemistry, 17(1), 178-183.