BIOL 211 Environmental Science: Population Pyramid Building
Project : Population Pyramid Building.
In this Assignment , draw population pyramids for Indonesia, Ethiopia, and the United Kingdom. Then write a brief essay comparing and contrasting the three pyramids and interpret the causes of the varying shapes of these graphs.
Consider historical events, the present population structure, and the influence (if any) of the past and the present on future population growth. Which country will have the greatest population increase, and why? What problems might these countries be facing, and why?
Answer:
Introduction
Population pyramid can be described as a graphical representation of the sex and the age composition of a particular type of population. The structure of the sex and age of a specific population is ultimately presented in the shape of a pyramid. It is important to note that the representation of the may take the form of a columnar share, pyramid and may also contain an irregular profile. Within the population pyramid, the population which is investigated is presented on a horizontal axis while the age is represented on a vertical case. The age bars are actually stacked on above the another and the youngest age group resides at the bottom of the bar (Goldman & Punch, 2014).
Population pyramid of the three countries: Comparative analysis
United Kingdom- the United Kingdom shows a uniform distribution of age starting from infants to the adults. The country has witnessed a steady growth and ample amount if resources till the industrial revolution. The United Kingdom has a prosperous history with plenty which had given it the opportunity to establish settlements over the world. The percentage of the aged population is less compared to the adults and the infants. The population pyramid depicts that the age structure does not show the burden of the aged population. The country has experienced a steady rate of growth with respect to economic development, with social and political stability. (figure 1) (Ons.gov.uk., 2018
Ethiopia- Ethiopia is mainly an agricultural country and majority of the population lives in rural areas and Ethiopia is experiencing a demographic transition. Ethiopia is having a rapid population growth and due to it is causing a lot of pressure on natural resources. The shortage of resources is resulting in a shortage of food. Historically, maternity mortality, child mortality and infant mortality have fallen to a great extent. Due to this, the population of the infants is much higher than the older people (table 2). The proportion of the males and the females is similar to the bottom to the top. It has been seen that the country's past has experienced forced government settlement, political repression, drought and poverty. This has affected the present-day population (figure 2) (Cerulli, 2017).
Indonesia- In terms of the size of the population, Indonesia is the fourth largest country. More than hundreds of the ethnic group constitute demography of Indonesia. The population of Indonesia is currently rising and it has been contributed by the rapid urbanization. The striking fact is that about two third of the population lives in the urban areas. The highlighting fact from the age structure of the population is that Indonesia has a large number of the young population. This means that the country will have a large number of future workforce and if educated can obtain higher education. the median age of the Indonesian population is 28.6 years and this indicates that half of the population is 28.6 years and it is younger (table 3). While it is important to mention that the median age of the females is 29 years and the median age of the male population is 28 years (figure 3) (McDonald, 2014).
Among the three nations, Ethiopia will show the highest increase in the rate of population. However, it is important to note that the total increase in the population will always be higher for the United Kingdom considering the size of the population and the geographical area. The United Kingdom will face issues related to the ageing population and thus will registrar less population growth. Both Ethiopia and Indonesia are the third world countries that will experience a shortage of natural resources (Census.gov, 2018).
Conclusion
From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the population pyramid is an efficient method of representing the demographic data containing the sex, age of the specific population. A large number of data accumulated from demographic census can be effectively used to represent on a graph which will be helpful in revealing the type of population growth and the type of the population structure.
References
Cerulli, E. (2017). Peoples of South-West Ethiopia and Its Borderland: North Eastern Africa Part III. Routledge.
Cia.gov. (2018). The World Factbook — Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved from https://
Data.worldbank.org. (2018). Indonesia | Data. Retrieved from https://data.worldbank.org/country/indonesia
datausa.io. (2018). United States. Retrieved from https://datausa.io/profile/geo/united-states/
Goldman, B. W., & Punch, W. F. (2014). Parameter-less population pyramid. In Proceedings of the 2014 Annual Conference on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation (pp. 785-792). ACM.
McDonald, P. (2014). The demography of Indonesia in comparative perspective. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 50(1), 29-52.
Ons.gov.uk. (2018). Census - Office for National Statistics. Retrieved from https://www.ons.gov.uk/censusCensus.gov. (2018). International Data Base (IDB). Retrieved from https://www.census.gov/programs-surveys/international-programs/about/idb.html
www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/et.html
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